浩通音查干淖尔和苏贝淖尔湖滨盐沼的土壤盐分特征和植物群落多样性  

Soil Salinity Characteristics and Plant Community Diversity in Salt Marsh beside the Lake of Haotongyinchagannar and Subeinar

作　　者：崔乔 何彤慧[1,2] 全晓塞[3] 冯艳琼 陈向全 何玉实 CUI Qiao;HE Tonghui;QUAN Xiaosai;FENG Yanqiong;CHEN Xiangquan;HE Yushi(Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,P.R.China;Breeding Base of State Key Laboratory for Preventing Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,P.R.China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏大学,宁夏银川750021 [2]西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,宁夏大学,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学化学化工学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《湿地科学》2020年第4期475-481,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761102)资助。

摘　　要：2019年6月6~7日,在鄂尔多斯市乌审旗浩通音查干淖尔和苏贝淖尔湖滨盐沼区中,设置了7处采样地,并在附近裸地中,设置了1处采样地;在各采样地中,采集了0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm、30~40 cm和40~50 cm深度的土样,测定了土样的pH、含水量、水溶性总盐含量和8种常规盐离子含量;对各采样地的植物群落进行了调查,分析了植物群落组成和多样性对土壤理化性质的响应。研究结果表明,在8处采样地中,裸地的土壤pH和水溶性总盐含量都相对最大,寸草(Carex duriuscula)盐沼、马蔺(Iris lactea)盐沼、芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)+马蔺盐沼和芦苇(Phragmites australis)盐沼土壤pH和水溶性总盐含量依次减小;裸地土壤pH和水溶性总盐含量都显著大于其它采样地(n=15,p<0.05);0~10 cm深度的土壤水溶性总盐含量和各盐离子含量都相对最大,随着土壤深度的增加,其它土层的二者都逐渐减小;土壤中的盐离子以Na+、Cl-、SO42-和HCO3-为主,土壤溶液中的营养盐主要为NaCl、Na2SO4和NaHCO3;随着土壤盐分含量的减小,植物群落的多样性水平提高,植物更适宜生长在土壤盐分较低的生境。7 sampling sites were set in the salt marshes beside the lake of Haotongyinchagannar and Subeinar in Uxin Banner of Erdos City,and 1 sampling site was set in the nearby bare land on June 6-7,2019.Soil samples of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-30 cm,30-40 cm and 40-50 cm depths in all the sampling sites were collected to determined pH,moisture content,total content of water-soluble salt and contents of 8 kinds of salt ions.The plant community characteristics in the sampling sites were investigated.The responses of plant communities to soil properties in salt marshes were analyzed.The results showed that in the 8 sampling sites,the pH and total content of water-soluble salt in the soils in the bare land were the highest relatively as follows were Carex duriuscula salt marsh,Iris lactea salt marsh,Achnatherum splendens+Iris lactea salt marsh and Phragmites australis salt marsh.The pH and total content of water-soluble salt in the soils in the bare land were significantly higher than those in other sampling sites.The total content of water-soluble salt and contents of salt ions at 0-10 cm depth were the highest,with the soil depth increased,they gradually decreased.The salt ions were mainly Na+,Cl-,SO42-and HCO3-,and the nutrients in the soil solution were mainly NaCl,Na2SO4,and NaHCO3.As the soil salt contents decreased,the diversity of plant communities increased.

关 键 词：盐沼 土壤盐分 植物群落 多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]