木质素基磁性多孔复合纳米碳纤维的制备及微波吸收性能  

Preparation and Microwave Absorption Properties of Lignin-based Magnetic Porous Carbon Nanofiber Composite

作　　者：王桂平 喻伯鸣 敖日格勒[1] WANG Guiping;YU Boming;AORI Gele(State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第20期20159-20164,共6页Materials Reports

摘　　要：以蔗渣乙酸木质素混合纺丝液为壳层,添加的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为形成多孔的软模板,乙酰丙酮铁作为磁性物前驱体,以苯乙烯丙烯腈共聚物溶液作为芯层,通过同轴静电纺丝及碳化过程制备得到木质素基磁性中空多孔复合纳米碳纤维(HPCNFs)。通过扫描电镜能谱仪对HPCNFs进行形貌观测与元素分析,通过X射线衍射仪、比表面积孔径分析仪和振动样品磁强计分别对HPCNFs进行物相定性分析、多孔特性和磁性能分析。最后通过矢量网络分析仪分析和对比了HPCNFs在1~18 GHz频率范围的电磁参数及微波吸收性能。结果发现,所有HPCNFs样品都具有铁磁性,乙酰丙酮铁添加量最高(25%)时,复合纳米碳纤维具有最高饱和磁化强度(3.16 emu/g);而乙酰丙酮铁添加量为10%时,表现出最好的吸波性能,最小反射损耗达-11.1dB,反射损耗低于-5 dB的频宽为3.05 GHz(5.78~8.83 GHz),低于-10 dB的频宽为0.72 GHz(6.63~7.35 GHz)。最后简单讨论了HPCNFs与微波的相互作用以及可能的微波吸收机理。制备的生物质基复合纳米碳纤维在微波吸收碳材料方面具有较大的发展潜力。Lignin-based magnetic hollow porous carbon nanofiber composite(HPCNFs),with the bagasse acetate lignin spinning solution as shell layer,added polyvinylpyrrolidone as forming porous soft template and iron acetylacetonate as the magnetic precursor,and the styrene acrylonitrile copolymer solution as core layer,were manufactured by coaxial electrospinning and carbonization technique.The morphology and element analysis were observed by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer,and the phase qualitative analysis,porous characteristics and magnetic properties were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer,specific surface and porosity analyzer and vibrating sample magnetometer,respectively.Finally,the electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption performance of HPCNFs in the frequency range of 1—18 GHz were analyzed and compared by a vector network analyzer.The results showed that all HPCNFs samples were ferromagnetic,and the carbon nano-fiber composite with the highest addition of iron acetylacetonate at 25%had the highest saturation magnetization of 3.16 emu/g;while the addition of iron acetylacetone at 10%showed the best microwave absorption performance with the minimum reflection loss was-11.1 dB,and the bandwidth with reflection loss below-5 dB was 3.05 GHz(5.78—8.83 GHz),and the bandwidth below-10 dB was 0.72 GHz(6.63—7.35 GHz).Finally,the interaction and the possible microwave absorption mechanism between HPCNFs and microwave are briefly discussed.The prepared biomass-based carbon nanofiber composite has great development potential in microwave-absorbing carbon materials.

关 键 词：木质素 静电纺丝 中空多孔复合纳米碳纤维 微波吸收 

分 类 号：TS721[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]