碳纳米管阵列仿生黏附受静电作用影响的研究进展  

Effect of Electrostatic Interaction on Carbon Nanotube Arrays Bionic Adhesion

作　　者：孙成祥 李阳 徐迟[1,2] 陆明月 戴振东 SUN Chengxiang;LI Yang;XU Chi;LU Mingyue;DAI Zhendong(College of Astronautics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Bionic Functional Materials,Nanjing 210016,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航天学院,南京210016 [2]江苏省仿生功能材料重点实验室,南京210016 [3]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第19期19050-19060,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51705247,51435008);南京航空航天大学研究生创新基地开放基金项目(kfjj20181501);中国博士后科学基金(2020M671474)。

摘　　要：生物进化赋予了壁虎在各种表面上出色的黏附运动能力。受壁虎脚掌的微/纳黏附结构启发研制的仿生黏附材料,其黏附强度已优于壁虎。但壁虎脚掌的其他综合性能,如自清洁性、黏附可控性、可重复性等,仿生黏附材料还不具备,或者差距很大。本文对壁虎脚掌的黏附机制进行了深入分析,为提升仿生黏附材料性能指出方向。近期研究表明,壁虎黏附过程存在接触/摩擦电现象。通过对接触/摩擦电和黏附力的同步测定,发现壁虎黏附性能得益于范德华力并受静电力作用的影响。这一新的作用机制有助于理解仿生黏附材料性能局限的机理,指导其黏附性能的改进。在对不同材料接触电效应的研究中,静电作用对材料间相互作用力的影响也越来越多地被发现并量化分析,这些研究成果为仿生黏附材料黏附过程中静电作用的量化分析奠定了理论基础。碳纳米管仿生黏附材料具有优异的力学、电学性质,其接触电效应已得到验证并进行多样化的应用研究,这些研究成果为分析静电作用对碳纳米管仿生黏附材料的影响规律提供实验参考。此外,基于接触电能量转换特性的纳米摩擦发电机(TENG)已成功应用于能量收集,TENG的快速发展为研究接触电的原理和特性提供了实验平台。本文首先对壁虎黏附机制的近期研究进行梳理,总结范德华力、静电力等作用机制对壁虎黏附的影响规律;结合接触电的近期研究进展,总结静电作用对黏附力的影响规律;系统归纳碳纳米管的黏附性能和接触电现象的研究结果,讨论接触电效应对碳纳米管仿生黏附材料黏附性能的影响;最后结合相关的研究,建立初步模型分析静电作用对碳纳米管仿生黏附材料黏附力的影响。本文期望从静电作用的角度出发,为仿生黏附材料的性能优化提供新的研究思路。The evolution of the creature makes the gecko pads have excellent adhesion to different surfaces.Based on the imitation of its micro/nano adhesion structure,the macroscopic adhesion strength of the bionic adhesives is superior to that of the gecko.However,the geckopads not only have excellent adhesion strength,but also have self-cleaning properties,adhesion controllability,repeatability and other advantages.Currently developed bionic adhesives still perform poorly in the face of the actual application environment.This has led to further research on the adhesion mechanism of the gecko pad,thereby guiding the optimization of the performance of the bionic adhesives.Combined with the established gecko van der Waals adhesion mechanism,recent researches have shown that there is contact electrification(CE)phenomenon in gecko adhesion.Simultaneous quantitative analysis of contact electrification and adhesion forces promotes the understan-ding of the mechanism of the gecko’s pad adhesion:the gecko’s excellent adhesion performance is not only affected by van der Waals forces,but also by electrostatic forces.The proposed new mechanism may help to understand the limitations of the adhesion properties of bionic adhesives and can guide the improvement of the adhesion properties of bionic adhesives.In the research of the CE of different materials,the effect of electrostatic interaction on adhesion is increasingly found and quantified.These research results provide a theoretical foundation for the quantitative analysis of the electrostatic interaction during the adhesion of bionic adhesives.Carbon nanotube bionic adhesives have superior mechanical properties,and their contact electrification has been verified and applied in various applications.These researches provide a reference for analyzing the effects of electrostatic interactions on bionic adhesives.In addition,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)based on contact electrification energy conversion characteristics have been successfully applied to energy harvesting,and TEN

关 键 词：壁虎黏附 黏附机制 接触电效应 碳纳米管阵列 仿生黏附材料 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]