基于生物衍生材料的柔性应变/压力传感器的研究进展  

Research Progress of Flexible Strain/Pressure Sensors Based onBiomaterial Derived Materials

作　　者：常胜男 李津[1] 刘皓[1,2,3] CHANG Shengnan;LI Jin;LIU Hao(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process,Tianjin 300387,China;Institute of Smart Wearable Electronic Textiles,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室,天津300387 [3]天津工业大学智能可穿戴电子纺织品研究所,天津300387

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第19期19173-19182,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金(18JCYBJC18500);中国博士后科学基金(2016M591390);中国纺织工业联合会资助项目(2017060)。

摘　　要：近几年来,随着科技的发展和智能可穿戴技术的提升,智能可穿戴电子产品以其优异的性能吸引了研究者的目光。柔性应变/压力传感器作为柔性可穿戴电子产品的重要分支,可以贴合人体或集成到纺织品中,在医疗保健、人机交互、软机器人等领域具有巨大的应用潜力。应变/压力传感器是将受到的外界刺激或机械变形(如拉伸和压缩等)转换成电学信号的一类电子器件,传感元件是应变/压力传感器的关键。摒弃了传统的基于刚性材料的应变/压力传感器,近几年来,层出不穷的新材料和新结构被应用于柔性应变/压力传感器中,包括金属纳米材料、导电高聚物和碳纳米材料(石墨烯、碳纳米管和炭黑材料)。这些新材料显著改善了传感器件的力学性能和柔韧性。但是复杂的制备工艺、高昂的材料成本以及未知的毒性限制了这些传感器在实际生活中的大规模应用,并且其传感性能也有待进一步提高。自然界存在着丰富的生物材料,已经有许多生物材料运用于超级电容器、电池和传感器等电子领域。生物衍生材料所具有的低成本、易于获取、可持续性和生态友好性等优点,使其在柔性应变/压力传感器方向具有显著的吸引力。本文综述了基于生物衍生材料的柔性应变/压力传感器的研究进展,将该传感器分为三种类型,包括基于碳化生物材料的柔性应变/压力传感器、基于3D海绵材料的柔性应变/压力传感器和基于织物基底材料的柔性应变/压力传感器,并结合实例总结了它们在材料和制备工艺方面的特征和优缺点。基于此讨论了生物衍生材料基传感器在人体健康检测和实时运动监测方向的应用实例,并提出了当前的挑战,为柔性应变/压力传感器的开发和应用提供参考。In recent years,with the development of technology and the advancement of smart wearable technology,flexible wearable electronic products have attracted the attention of researchers due to their excellent performance and flexibility.As an important branch of flexible wearable electro-nic products,flexible strain/pressure sensors can be attached to the human body or integrated into textiles,and having great application potential in the fields of healthcare,human-computer interaction and soft robots.Strain/pressure sensors are a type of electronic device that converts external stimuli or mechanical deformations(such as tension and compression)into electrical signals.The sensing element is the key to strain/pressure sensors.Abandoning traditional strain/pressure sensor based on rigid materials,new materials and structures have been developed for the flexible strain/pressure sensors in recent years,including metal nanomaterials,conductive polymers and carbon nanomaterials(such as graphene,carbon nanotubes and carbon black materials).These new materials significantly improve the mechanical properties and flexibility of sensors.However,the complicated preparation process,high material cost and unknown toxicity limit the large-scale application of these sensors,and the sensing performance needs to be further improved.There are abundant biological materials in nature,and many biological materials have been used in electronic fields,such as supercapacitors,batteries and sensors.Natural biomaterial derived materials have the advantages of low cost,easy access,sustainability and eco-friendliness,making them attractive in the direction of flexible strain/pressure sensors.This paper reviewes the research progress of flexible strain/pressure sensors based on biomaterial derived material.The sensors are divided into three types,including the flexible strain/pressure sensors based on carbonized biomaterial,the flexible strain/pressure sensors based on 3D sponge material and the flexible strain/pressure sensors based on fabric su

关 键 词：智能穿戴电子产品 柔性应变/压力传感器 生物衍生材料 碳化 海绵 织物 

分 类 号：TB381[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]