农民工尘肺患者生存质量及影响因素研究  

Study on the quality of life and influencing factors of pneumoconiosis in migrant workers

作　　者：景华[1] 崔萍[1] 王文霞[1] 李娟[1] 王丽[1] 毕冰茜 吴媛[1] 刘燕[1] 荀康丽 张放[1] Jing Hua;Cui Ping;Wang Wenxia;Li Juan;Wang Li;Bi Bingqian;Wu Yuan;Liu Yan;Xun Kangli;Zhang Fang(Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine,Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jinan 250002,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院,山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),250002

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2020年第9期682-685,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2017WS021)。

摘　　要：目的探索农民工尘肺患者生存质量现状,分析其影响因素,为研究提高农民工尘肺患者生存质量的有效对策提供科学依据。方法于2019年6月,以整群抽样方法选择山东省职业病医院2017年3月至2018年8月确诊的79例农民工尘肺患者作为研究对象。采用自设问卷和《世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表》进行问卷调查,调查患者生存质量及影响因素并进行统计学分析。结果研究对象均为男性,平均年龄(57.53±9.87)岁,平均接尘工龄(23.73±10.09)年,尘肺壹期、贰期、叁期分别为20、13、46例。农民工尘肺患者文化程度普遍较低,高中/中专学历仅占6.33%(5/79);经济收入低,月收入低于1000元的占49.37%(39/79);病情重,矽肺叁期占58.23%(46/79)。研究对象中69.62%(55/79)的患者未经过系统治疗,仅有11.39%的农名工尘肺患者能适时增减衣物并佩戴口罩,吸烟的农民工尘肺患者占77.22%(61/79)。农民工尘肺患者在生理、心理、社会和环境维度的生存质量评分分别为(10.40±2.31)、(11.40±2.82)、(11.46±3.03)、(8.38±3.37)分,其影响因素为尘肺期别、文化程度、经济收入、吸烟(P<0.05)。结论农民工尘肺患者生存质量普遍较低,影响患者生存质量的主要因素是疾病严重程度(尘肺期别)、受教育程度、经济收入及吸烟。Objective To investigate and understand the general situation and quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis,and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for effective countermeasures to improve the quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis.Methods In June 2019,79 cases of migrant workers'pneumoconiosis diagnosed by Shandong Occupational Disease Hospital from March 2017 to August 2018 were selected as the study object by cluster random sampling method.Questionnaires and on-site visits were used to investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors.The questionnaire was administered by self-designed questionnaire and WHO quality of life questionnaire.Results The farmer's pneumoconiosis patients are generally lower in culture.High school or above is only 6.33%(5/79).Their economic income is low.The monthly income of less than 1000 RMB is 49.37%(39/79).The disease was heavy and pneumoconiosis was 58.23%(46/79).Pneumoconiosis patients without systematic treatment accounted for 69.62%(55/79).Only 11.39%of rural workers with pneumoconiosis can timely increase or decrease clothing and wear masks to avoid respiratory irritation.Pneumoconiosis patients who smoked accounted for 77.22%(61/79).The quality of life of the pneumoconiosis patients in the physiological,psychological,social and environmental fields were(10.40±2.31),(11.40±2.82),(11.46±3.03)and(8.38±3.37)respectively.The influencing factors of quality of life were pneumoconiosis stage,education level,economic income and smoking(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis is generally low.The main factors that affect the quality of life of patients are disease severity(pneumoconiosis stage),education level,economic income and smoking.

关 键 词：尘肺病 农民工 生存质量 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]