轮虫和枝角类的种间竞争及其影响因子研究进展  

Research advances in interspecific competition and influencing factors between rotifers and cladocerans

作　　者：黄林[1] 席贻龙[2] HUANG Lin;XI Yilong(College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,West Anhui University,Lu′an 237012,China;College of Life Sciences,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]皖西学院生物与制药工程学院,六安237012 [2]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,芜湖241000

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第19期6720-6728,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2015A228);国家自然科学基金项目(31470015)。

摘　　要：轮虫和枝角类是浮游动物群落的重要组成部分和优势类群,它们之间的竞争互作是调节水生态系统结构和功能的主要动力之一。普遍的观点认为,轮虫和大型枝角类难以共存,往往被竞争排斥,而和小型枝角类可以共存;实际上,轮虫和枝角类的种间竞争结局存在一定的不确定性。介绍了轮虫和枝角类的种间竞争方式及其相对重要性,对影响轮虫和枝角类种间竞争结局的因素,包括温度、食物、相对起始密度、个体大小、食物临点、耐饥饿能力、捕食及竞争者和捕食者释放的化感物质等,进行了系统的梳理和分析,并提出了今后亟待解决的科学问题和研究切入点。Rotifers and cladocerans are important constituents and dominant groups of zooplankton communities.Interspecific competition between them is one of major driving forces regulating structure and function of aquatic ecosystem.It is generally believed that rotifers and large cladocerans are difficult to coexist,and rotifers are often excluded by large cladocerans,while rotifers and small cladocerans can coexist.In fact,the outcome of interspecific competition between rotifers and cladocerans was uncertain to a certain extent.In this review,we briefly introduced the patterns of competition between rotifers and cladocerans and their relative importance,and analyzed in detail the effects of environmental factors,including temperature,food resources,initial density,individual size,threshold food concentration,starvation tolerance ability,predation,allelopathic substances released by competitors and predators on the outcome of competition between rotifers and cladocerans.Finally,we put forward some scientific problems and research breakthrough points.

关 键 词：轮虫 枝角类 种间竞争 机理 结局 生物因子 非生物因子 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]