不同运动强度和训练时间对紫红笛鲷幼鱼血清生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of exercise intensity and time on the serology of juvenile Lutjanus argentimaculatus

作　　者：范雯 刘永[2] 魏小岚[1,2] 肖雅元[2] 韦芳三[2] 周德新 唐文乔[1] 李纯厚[1,2,3] FAN Wen;LIU Yong;WEI Xiaolan;XIAO Yayuan;WEI Fangsan;ZHOU Dexin;TANG Wenqiao;LI Chunhou(College of Fisheries and Life science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511458,China;School of Life Sciences of Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广州510300 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广州511458 [4]广州大学生命科学学院,广州510006

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2020年第5期618-633,共16页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201403008);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605)。

摘　　要：为探究运动训练对紫红笛鲷(Lutjanus argentimaculatus)免疫与抗氧化能力的影响,根据鱼类逆流游泳的习性,以不同水流速度(1.43、2.87、5.74体长·s^-1和对照0体长·s^-1)对紫红笛鲷幼鱼进行游泳训练实验,并于不同的周期节点(7、14、28 d)采集血清进行生理生化和酶活性检测。研究发现,不同水流速度下,运动训练对血清生化指标的影响差异显著(P<0.05),且不同训练强度间的差异亦显著(P<0.05)。在时间上,各代谢标志物均有随训练时间的增长而升高的趋势。与其他训练强度组相比,2.87体长·s^-1强度较有利于紫红笛鲷幼鱼抗氧化和免疫水平的提高。7 d训练后效果与14 d训练后效果的差异显著(P<0.05),而14 d训练后与28 d训练后的效果差异不显著,即14 d以后的训练不能使紫红笛鲷幼鱼的抗氧化能力和免疫水平有显著增加。研究证明,适当强度的运动对鱼体内的抗氧化能力和免疫水平有提高作用,而过高的运动强度会使鱼的抗氧化能力和免疫力下降。研究表明,紫红笛鲷幼鱼在2.87体长·s^-1强度下训练14 d有助于提高鱼体内的抗氧化和免疫水平,这种运动训练方法在提高鱼类成活率、优化增殖放流前的关键技术环节等方面具有重要意义。To research the impact of swimming intensity and time on the immunity and antioxidation levels of red snapper(Lutjanus argentimaculatus)larvae,the experiment,based on the fact that fish swim against the water flow,was settled by a serial of flow speed(1.43,2.87,5.74 bl·s^-1,and control 0 bl·s^-1),and of different time(7,14,28 d).The trained groups were significantly different from the control in the serology(P<0.05),so were the trained groups with each other.In the aspect of immunology,the modest training of 1.43 bl·s^-1 and 2.87 bl·s^-1 could highly improve the levels of immunological serum indicators such as complement component 3,lysosome,antibacterial activity and IgM.On the contrary,heavy training of 5.74 bl·s^-1 showed damage to their immunity,indicated as a drop of above indicators,compared to the control group.It proved to be a similar enhancement of anti-oxidation,for example,the fish under training of 1.43 bl·s^-1 and 2.87 bl·s^-1,showed a lower level of MDA and higher CAT and GSH among other groups.Besides,the immunological and anti-oxidative markers grew significantly along with the training time.There was great improvement of immunology after every 7 days of training in the first 2 weeks.The effects of 28 days training did not significantly differ from the effects of 14 days training.Likewise,the anti-oxidative activity generally kept improving during first 14 days,then remained stable.In general,the level of immunity and anti-oxidation were mostly boosted by exercise when trained at speed of 2.87 bl·s^-1.It proved that moderate exercise intensity had a positive effect on the anti-oxidization and immunity but over-exercise would cause damage to the health of juvenile Lutjanus argentimaculatus.Concerning making an economical training plan for Lutjanus argentimaculatus to enhance the robustness,the exercise time of 14 days should be a good balance of high immunity and anti-oxidative level and efficiency.To conclude,training with intensity of 2.87 bl·s^-1 for 14 days benefits the immunity and a

关 键 词：紫红笛鲷 运动训练 血清学 免疫 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S965.231[农业科学—水产养殖]