闽南山区秃杉种源和家系的测定及选择  

Test and selection of Taiwania flousiana provenances and families in mountainous area of Southern Fujian

作　　者：欧阳磊[1] OUYANG Lei(Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Forest Product Processing and Utilization,Fuzhou,Fujian 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院/福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室,福建福州350012

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2020年第3期159-164,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：福建省林业厅科研项目(闽林科[2013]6号);国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室资助。

摘　　要：[目的]研究秃杉遗传变异规律,选育秃杉优良品种进行推广应用.[方法]在闽南山区德化县不同海拔高度和立地条件建立4片秃杉种源和家系试验林,分别于5、15和25年生时每木调查树高、胸径、冠幅和枝下高等生长性状,并对调查数据进行统计与分析.[结果]试验林25年生时,树高、胸径、材积、枝下高和冠幅的平均值分别为16.37 m、21.76 cm、0.2731 m^3、6.98 m、2.65 m,平均变异系数分别为21.26%、22.38%、32.70%、19.34%和43.43%.生长性状在种源、家系和个体水平上的遗传力平均值分别为0.74、0.55和0.35,在种源和家系水平上受较强的遗传控制,在个体水平上受中等偏下的遗传控制.对试验林不同时期生长性状的相关性分析表明,树高、胸径和冠幅的早晚期正相关关系均达到了极显著水平,为开展早期选择提供了依据.经综合比较,选择出1个优良种源和5个优良家系.[结论]选出的秃杉优良种源和家系适宜在闽南山区德化县及相似立地条件种植和推广,为秃杉第2代遗传改良提供育种材料.[Purpose]To study the genetic variation of Taiwania flousiana and select the superior varieties of T.flousiana for promo-tion and application.[Method]Four T.flousiana provenance-family test plantations at different altitudes and site conditions were es-tablished in the mountainous area of Dehua County of Southern Fujian.The growth traits of tree height,DBH,crown width and branch height were investigated when trees were 5,10,and 25 years old.Data were collected,organized and statistically analyzed.[Result]When the experimental forest was 25 years old,the average values of tree height,DBH,volume,height under branch,and crown width were 16.37 m,21.76 cm,0.2731 m^3,6.98 m,and 2.65 m,respectively,and the average coefficients of variation were 21.26%,22.38%,32.70%,19.34%,and 43.43%,respectively.The average heritability of growth traits at the provenance,family,and individual levels were 0.74,0.55,and 0.35,respectively.The growth traits were strongly controlled genetically at the provenance and family levels,but were moderately controlled at the individual level.Correlation analysis of growth traits showed that at the early and late mature stages,the correlations between tree height,DBH,and crown width were positive and very significant,indicating that excellent genetic material selection at the early stage was practicable in T.flousiana.Through a comprehensive com-parison,one excellent provenance and five superior families were selected.[Conclusion]The selected excellent provenances and families of T.flousiana are suitable for planting and promotion in Dehua County and similar sites in the mountainous area of Southern Fujian and are valuable breeding materials for the second generation genetic improvement of T.flousiana.

关 键 词：秃杉 种源 家系 遗传变异 选择 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]