深圳市社区老年人高血压治疗和控制情况及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on the treatment or control of hypertension and influencing factors in the elderly of Shenzhen communities

作　　者：袁雪丽[1] 孙苑潆 倪文庆[1] 池洪珊[1] 吕德良[1] 徐健[1] YUAN Xue-li;SUN Yuan-ying;NI Wen-qing;CHI Hong-shan;Lü De-liang;XU Jian(Department of Elderly Health Management of Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control,Shenzhen,Guangdong Province 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市慢性病防治中心老年健康管理科,广东省深圳518020

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2020年第9期653-658,共6页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：深圳市卫生计生系统科研项目(SZFZ2017025);深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20180703145202065);深圳市科技计划项目(SZGW2018002);深圳市医疗卫生三名工程(SZSM201811093);深圳市医学重点学科建设经费资助。

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市社区老年人高血压的治疗和控制情况及影响因素,为社区高血压综合防治提供线索。方法本研究数据来源于国家基本公共卫生服务项目老年人健康管理项目,于2018年1—12月采用方便抽样方法,在深圳市社区常住居民中抽取124 007名65岁及以上老年人作为研究对象,完成问卷调查、体格检查和实验室生化检测。采用SAS9.4进行χ~2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果共检出69 207例高血压患者,检出率为55.81%。高血压患者的治疗率和控制率分别为54.43%和56.09%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄较大组(70~、75~和80~岁年龄组人群的OR值分别为1.11、1.24和1.32)、初中及以上学历(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.18~1.32)、寡居(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.17~1.40)、已戒烟(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.11~1.27)、有体力活动(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.10~1.18)、BMI较大组(正常体重、超重、肥胖组的OR值分别为1.42、1.64和1.89)、中心性肥胖(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.06~1.14)、合并糖尿病(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.44~1.54)、血脂异常(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.16~1.24)、有心脑血管疾病史(OR=2.20,95%CI:2.04~2.37)的高血压患者治疗率较高,单身(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.45~0.74)、偶尔饮酒(OR=0.89,95%CI:0.85~0.94)、饮酒(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.68~0.77)的高血压患者治疗率较低,均有统计学意义(P<0.01);70~岁年龄组(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.03~1.10)、初中及以上学历(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.21~1.36)、已戒烟(OR=1.12,95%CI:1.04~1.20)、有体力活动(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.06~1.14)、合并糖尿病(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.27~1.36)、有心脑血管疾病史(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.45~1.67)的高血压患者血压控制率较高,偶尔饮酒(OR=0.92,95%CI:0.87~0.97)、饮酒(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.73~0.83)、肥胖(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.75~0.94)、中心性肥胖(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.91~0.98)的患者血压控制率较低,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论深圳市社区老年人群高血压检出率较高,治疗率和控制率处于较低水平,应强化社区老年人群高血压综合防控工作。Objective To understand the treatment or control of hypertension and influencing factors in the elderly of Shenzhen communities,and to provide the reference for comprehensive treatment or control of hypertension in communities. Methods The data were from "Elder health management program in National basic public health service program";from January to December of 2018,the convenient sampling method was used to select 124 007 residents (≥65 years old) from Shenzhen communities as the subjects,the investigation was performed with questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory biochemical test. The χ~2 test and multivariate logistic regression method were used to analyze the data. The used software was SAS 9.4. Results The detected rate of hypertension was 55.81%(69 207 cases). The rates of hypertension treatment or control were 54.43% and 56.09%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the hypertension treatment rates in high age group(the OR values of 70-,75-and 80-years old groups were 1.11,1.24 and 1.32,respectively), ≥junior school level(OR =1.25,95% CI:1.18-1.32),widow group(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.17-1.40),quit smoking group(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.11-1.27),physical activity group(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.10-1.18),higher BMI group(the OR values of normal weight group,overweight group and obesity group were 1.42,1.64,1.89,respectively),central obesity group(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.06-1.14),diabetes group(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.44-1.54),dyslipidemia group(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.16-1.24),cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases group(OR=2.20, 95%CI:2.04-2.37) were higher(P<0.05);the hypertension treatment rates in the single group(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.45-0.74),occasional drinking group(OR=0.89,95%CI:0.85-0.94),drinking group(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.68-0.77) were lower(P<0.01). The hypertension control rates in the 70-years old group(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.03-1.10),≥junior school level(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.21-1.36),quit smoking group(OR=1.12,95%CI:1.04-1.20),physical activity group(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.06-1.14),diabetes group(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.27-1.36),cardiova

关 键 词：老年人 高血压 治疗率 控制率 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]