认知-行为干预对戒断期酒依赖患者康复效果的影响  

Effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on rehabilitation of alcohol dependence patients during abstinence

作　　者：黄弋冰[1] 汪咏梅 徐莲英 庞良俊 翟懿 王恒俊 陶睿[2] 褚慧慧 江琳琳 HUANG Yibing;WANG Yongmei;XU Lianying(Department of Nursing,Anhui Medical College,Anhui Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医学高等专科学校护理学部,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽省精神卫生中心(安徽医科大学附属心理医院)物质依赖科

出　　处：《华北理工大学学报（医学版）》2020年第6期494-499,504,共7页Journal of North China University of Science and Technology：Health Sciences Edition

基　　金：安徽省教育厅高校自然科学研究重点项目(编号:KJ2017A688)。

摘　　要：①目的探讨应对技能训练(CST)、环境线索暴露(CET)等认知-行为干预对戒断期酒依赖患者焦虑、抑郁、渴求症状的改善以及复饮率的影响。②方法采用整群抽样方式选取某精神病院男性酒依赖住院患者174例,随机分为3组:综合干预组67例,除给予常规治疗护理外,同时给予CST和CET干预措施;应对训练组50例,除给予常规治疗护理外,仅进行CST干预;对照组57例,仅给予常规治疗护理,不给予任何特殊干预。干预前后分别用SAS、SDS和AUQ量表进行心理测量,比较患者的焦虑评分、抑郁评分和渴求评分,并在患者出院6个月时调查分析其复饮情况。③结果干预前3组的评分均无显著性差异(P>0.05);干预6周后,2个干预组的干预前后SAS评分差值、SDS评分差值均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与对照组相比较,综合干预组的AUQ评分差值低于应对训练组,差异有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01);3组患者出院后6个月复饮率分别为:综合干预组31.3%、应对训练组44.0%、对照组54.4%,综合干预组与对照组的复饮率有显著性差异(P<0.01),而应对训练组与对照组复饮率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。④结论CST、CET等认知-行为干预能改善酒依赖患者焦虑、抑郁和渴求症状,尤其是“CST+CET”的综合性干预模式能更显著改善患者对酒的渴求心理,有效降低复饮率。Objective To explore the effects of cognitive-behavioral interventions such as coping skills training(CST)and environmental cue exposure(CET)on the improvement of anxiety,depression and craving symptoms and the recovery rate of alcohol dependence patients.Methods 174 male alcohol dependent inpatients in a mental hospital were randomLy divided into three groups:67 in the comprehensive intervention group,in addition to the routine treatment and nursing,CST and CET intervention measures were given at the same time;50 in the training group,except the routine treatment and nursing,only CST intervention was given;57 in the control group,only routine treatment and nursing,no special intervention was given.Before and after the intervention,SAS,SDS and AUQ were used to measure the psychological state of the patients,and the anxiety score,depression score and craving score were compared.Results There was no significant difference among the three groups before intervention(P>0.05).After 6 weeks of intervention,the difference of SAS score and SDS score between the two intervention groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the difference of AUQ score in the comprehensive intervention group was lower than that in the coping training group(P<0.05);three groups of patients Six months after discharge,the rehydration rates were:comprehensive intervention group 31.3%Response training group 44%,control group 54.4%There was significant difference between the comprehensive intervention group and the control group(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the recovery rate between the coping training group and the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral intervention such as CST and CET can improve the anxiety,depression and craving symptoms of alcohol dependent patients,especially the comprehensive intervention mode of"CST+CET"can significantly improve the patients'craving for alcohol,effectively reduce the rate of rehydration.

关 键 词：酒依赖 认知-行为干预 应对技能训练 环境线索暴露 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]