支气管哮喘急性发作期中医证素分布规律及证候分型特点的研究  

Study on the distribution of TCM syndrome elements and the characteristics of syndrome types in acute attack of bronchial asthma

作　　者：符丽[1] FU Li(Guangdong Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine,Guangzhou 5101209 China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中医院,510120

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2020年第5期75-77,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

摘　　要：目的通过对75例住院患者的回顾性病例调查研究,探讨支气管哮喘急性发作期患者中医证素分布与组合规律以及证候分型特点,为临床辨证论治提供依据。方法采用SPSS 22.0统计软件,运用描述性统计分析方法中频数分析与交叉表的方式,对哮喘急性发作期住院患者的证素及证候分型进行分析。结果75例病例提取的11个证素中,病性证素以热频率最高(29.5%),其次为痰(28.7%)、气虚(20.9%)、寒(12.4%)、瘀(5.4%)等;病位证素以肺频率最高(62.6%),其次为脾(20.0%)、肾(15.7%)等。组合形式以二证素组合(33.3%)、五证素组合(12.0%)、六证素组合(9.3%)相对较多。75例病例中,原临床辨证分型有19种,其中热哮(33.3%),寒哮(14.7%),肺脾肾虚、痰浊阻肺(12.0%),肺脾肾虚、痰热壅肺(9.3%),四型所占比例相对较多。实证共47例(占62.6%),虚症2例(占2.7%),虚实夹杂证26例(占34.7%)。结论支气管哮喘急性发作期以肺脾肾虚为本,以痰、热等病理因素为标,其间常相互联合,相互为因,使病机更为复杂。Objective To explore the distribution and combination of TCM syndrome elements and the characteristics of syndrome types in patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma by retrospective case investigation of 75 cases,so as to provide basis for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment.Methods SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the syndrome elements and syndrome types of hospitalized patients with asthma in acute attack stage by using frequency analysis and cross table in descriptive statistical analysis method.Results Among the 11 syndrome elements extracted from 75 cases,the frequency of heat was the highest(29.5%),followed by phlegm(28.7%),Qi deficiency(20.9%),cold(12.4%)and blood stasis(5.4%).Lung frequency was the highest(62.6%),followed by spleen(20.0%),kidney(15.7%).The combination forms of two syndrome elements(33.3%),five syndrome elements(12.0%)and six syndrome elements(9.3%)were relatively more.In 75 cases,there were 19 kinds of original clinical syndrome differentiation types,among which heat asthma(33.3%),cold asthma(14.7%),lung spleen kidney deficiency,phlegm turbidity obstructing lung(12.0%),lung spleen kidney deficiency,phlegm heat obstructing lung(9.3%),and the proportion of four types was relatively large.There were 47 cases of excess syndrome(62.6%),2 cases of deficiency syndrome(2.7%),26 cases of deficiency and excess syndrome(34.7%).Conclusion The acute attack of bronchial asthma is based on the deficiency of lung,spleen and kidney,with phlegm,heat and other pathological factors as the standard,which often combine and cause each other,making the pathogenesis more complicated.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘急性发作期 证素 证候分型 分布规律 

分 类 号：R256.12[医药卫生—中医内科学]