生物降解塑料降解技术及其前景展望  

Biodegradable Plastic Degradation Technology and the Prospects

作　　者：宋力 赵晶晶 王战勇[1] 苏婷婷[1] SONG Li;ZHAO Jingjing;WANG Zhanyong;SU Tingting(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering,Liaoning Shihua University,Fushun,Liaoning 113001,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学,化学化工与环境学部,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《塑料》2020年第5期88-91,120,共5页Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31570097);辽宁省兴辽英才计划(XLYC180734);辽宁省自然科学基金(20180550589)。

摘　　要：人们广泛地使用传统塑料制品,产生了大量的塑料废弃物,由于其在自然环境中不易降解,造成了严重的环境污染。生物可降解塑料作为传统塑料的替代品,由于其具有极佳的生物降解性,良好的材料加工性能及安全无毒等特点,而被逐渐应用于纺织、包装、农业材料等方面。但是与传统塑料相比,目前的生物可降解塑料对应用领域、产品性能、降解等方面的研究还不完善。对近年来生物可降解塑料的降解技术进行了总结,主要综述了不同的生物可降解塑料在堆肥、土壤、水生系统等环境中,生物降解的情况,并且对与生物可降解塑料相关的微生物降解领域的研究及发展方向进行了展望。The widespread use of traditional plastic products produce a large amount of plastic waste,which is not easily degraded in the natural environment and causes serious environmental pollution. As a substitute for traditional plastics,biodegradable plastics gradually applied to textiles, packaging, agricultural materials, etc. due to their excellent biodegradability,good material processing properties and safety and non-toxicity. However,compared with traditional plastics,current biodegradable plastics are constantly improving in research and application fields as well as product performance and degradation. In view of the degradation technology of biodegradable plastics in recent years,the biodegradation of different biodegradable plastics under environmental conditions such as compost,soil and aquatic system is summarized. The research direction and development direction of biodegradable plastics related microbial degradation are prospected.

关 键 词：生物降解塑料 堆肥 土壤 环境 微生物降解 

分 类 号：TQ322.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]