高海拔地区广延大气簇射过程模拟与分析  

Simulation and Analysis on Extensive Air Showers on High Altitude Area

作　　者：徐致伟 范杰清[1] 赵强[2] 郝建红[1] 董志伟[2] 张芳[2] 薛碧曦 XU Zhiwei;FAN Jieqing;ZHAO Qiang;HAO Jianhong;DONG Zhiwei;ZHANG Fang;XUE Bixi(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京102206 [2]北京应用物理与计算数学研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期486-492,共7页Journal of Hebei Normal University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1730247,11571047,61372050)。

摘　　要：研究了初始高能质子和电子入射条件下的广延大气簇射,当高能质子与电子穿越大气层时与大气组分发生相互作用,产生次级粒子,次级粒子能量足够高时会在向下飞行时再次发生碰撞,产生新的次级粒子,从而形成级联簇射.由于宇宙线初始能量极大,甚至可达1020 eV,故其经广延大气簇射过程到达地表时粒子可能对地表电网等设施造成恶劣影响,因而该现象越发引起研究者的重视.利用蒙特卡洛方法模拟分析了到达高海拔近地观测面的簇射射线中所包含的主要粒子种类、各种类粒子所占份额及其横向分布情况.所得模拟结果为进一步分析其对高海拔地区高压电网及敏感电气设施的安全防护奠定理论基础.We study the problem of extensive air showers(EAS)under the circumstances of initial high-energy proton and electron.In the process of high-energy proton and electron passing through the atmosphere,they interact with atmospheric atoms so that secondary particles are generated.When the energy of secondary particles is high enough,they will collide with atmospheric atoms again when flying downward and new secondary particles are generated,thus forming cascade shower.Because the initial energy of cosmic rays is extremely large,even up to 1020 eV,particles reach the ground through EAS may have adverse effects on the ground power grid and other facilities,thus this phenomenon has attracted more and more attention of researchers.The Monte Carlo mothod is used to simulate the main particles contained in the shower reaching the high-altitude near-earth observation surface,the share of various types of particles,their energy spectrum,and their horizontal distribution.The simulation results lay a theoretical foundation for further analysis on its safety protection for high-voltage grids and sensitive electrical facilities in high altitude areas.

关 键 词：极高能宇宙线 模拟分析 广延大气簇射 粒子数目 粒子能量 横纵向分布 

分 类 号：O572.1[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] O572.2[理学—物理]