GEO航天器表面充电效应及电流分布特性分析  

Analysis on Surface Charging Effect and Current Distribution Characteristics of GEO Spacecraft

作　　者：郝建红[1] 黄赛 赵强[2] 董志伟[2] HAO Jianhong;HUANG Sai;ZHAO Qiang;DONG Zhiwei(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power Universty,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Insttute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京102206 [2]北京应用物理与计算数学研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期493-499,共7页Journal of Hebei Normal University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1730247,11571047,61372050)。

摘　　要：处于复杂等离子体环境的地球同步轨道中的航天器,由于表面材料与空间等离子体相互作用,将使航天器表面出现充电效应,最终导致静电放电现象继而影响航天器电子设备的正常运行以及热控材料的性能.基于欧洲航天局开发的航天器表面充电仿真软件,模拟了服从双麦克斯韦分布的等离子体中地球同步轨道航天器的表面充电情况;计算分析了航天器各部位表面总电流的变化情况以及各粒子电流在充电过程中的作用,并给出了航天器各部位的表面电势分布,以及航天器充电过程中空间电势分布对充电效应的影响.The geosynchronous earth orbit space in plasma environment is very complicated.In the geosynchronous orbit plasma environment,the energy distribution of space particles is very wide,involving almost all energy plasmas,and the energy spectra of particles are not exactly the same.The energy and distributions under different geomagnetic conditions are also different.When the geosynchronous earth orbiting spacecraft interacts with high-energy particles in the environmental plasma,a large amount of charge will deposite on the surface of the spacecraft which build an electric field in different surface.When the absolute potential of the surface of the spacecraft or the differential potential between different surface reaches the threshold,it will cause an electrostatic discharge,and the arc generated by the electrostatic discharge will directly affect the physical characteristics of the spacecraft surface materials and surface equipment normal operation,and it will also indirectly affect the internal circuit of the spacecraft in a coupled manner.Surface charging can be divided into two types:absolute charging and differential charging.Absolute charging refers to the charging of the spacecraft surface directly determined by the space environment and material characteristics.Differential charging refers to the potential variety determined by surface potential of different spacecraft surfaces.Based on the spacecraft surface charging simulation software developed by the European Space Agency,this article work simulated the surface charging of a geosynchronous orbiting spacecraft in a plasma that obeys a bi-Maxwell distribution.The change of the total surface current of each part of the spacecraft and the role of each particle current in the charging process were calculated and analyzed.The potential distribution of the surface of each part of the spacecraft and the effect of the space potential distribution on the charging effect during the charging process of the spacecraft were given.

关 键 词：航天器表面充电 地球同步轨道 双麦克斯韦分布 等离子体 

分 类 号：V416.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]