马卡宁《声音》中的存在与文学之声  

Existential and Literary Voices in Makanin’s Voices

作　　者：谢周 Xie Zhou

机构地区：[1]西南大学俄语国家研究中心 [2]西南大学外国语学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2020年第4期74-84,共11页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：西南大学“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”资助(SWU1709603)。

摘　　要：《声音》是弗拉基米尔·马卡宁前期创作中的代表作,是一部内容庞杂、结构散乱、具有"元叙事"特征的实验小说。在该小说中,马卡宁揭示了当代大众无意识对个体的强制同化作用,表达了力求潜入自我无意识和远古集体无意识深处,在"存在"迷宫之中重新聆听最初听到的真理之声的追求;另一方面,马卡宁主张将人物置于"尴尬情形",并借助于"陌生化"手法展示其非典型、未完成的"鲜活的人"的形象。《声音》不仅包含了马卡宁既往创作的主旨、情节及日后的创作草图,而且浓缩了马卡宁小说创作的众多题材和主要思想艺术特征,成为了马卡宁小说创作的一个"元文本"和文学原型。Voices is a representative work of Vladimir Makanin’s early creations. It is an experimental novel with complex content, scattered structure and the characteristics of "meta narrative". In the novel, Makanin reveals the forced assimilation of contemporary mass unconsciousness on the individual, and expresses the effort to infiltrate into the depth of individual unconsciousness and the ancient collective unconsciousness in order to hear the original truth again and pursue it in the maze of existence. On the other hand, Makanin advocates putting the characters in an "embarrassing situation" to demonstrate the images of atypical and unfinished "living persons" by means of "Defamiliarization". Voices not only contains the themes and plot of his creations before, but also the outline of Makanin’s creations later. Actually, it concentrates the diversified subjects as well as the main ideological and artistic features of his creations, and thus becomes a "metatext" and literary archetype of Makanin’s novels.

关 键 词：马卡宁 《声音》 大众无意识 集体无意识 尴尬情形 模型 原型 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]