再论雅各布森的神话诗学——兼与巴尔特“政治神话”比较  

On Roman Jakobson’s Mythological Poetics——A Comparative Study with Roland Barthes’s Political Mythologies

作　　者：江飞 Jiang Fei

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2020年第4期138-147,共10页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“现代斯拉夫文论经典汉译与大家名说研究”(17ZDA282);国家社科基金一般项目“新时期中国美学的存在论转向与理论形态建构研究”(18BZX142)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：雅各布森的神话诗学研究综合运用了语言学、社会学、历史学、人类学、考古学、民俗学等多种学科方法,一步步扩大了"神话"所植根的场域。从文学文本到文化文本,从个人的生活情境到民族的历史情境,神话的功能也越来越举足轻重,从凸显个体的生平印记,到强化独立的民族自决意识,由点及线,由线及面,历经四十年,最终建构起立体的神话诗学体系。从符号学和民俗学视角继续深入探讨雅各布森的神话诗学,尤其是将其"诗歌神话"与巴尔特的"政治神话"进行比较,无疑有利于我们更加全面合理地理解雅各布森神话诗学思想及其为法国神话诗学研究开拓先路的启示意义。Roman Jakobson’s mythological poetics combined the methods of linguistics, sociology, history, anthropology, archaeology, folklore, etc. and expanded the field of "myth" step by step. From the literary text to the cultural text, from the personal life situation to the historical situation of the nation, the function of myth is becoming more and more important. From highlighting the personal life, to strengthening the independent consciousness of national selfdetermination, Jakobson finally constructed a magnificent mythological poetics system after forty years. Further discussion of Jacobson’s mythological poetics from the perspective of semiotics and folklore, especially the comparison between his "poetic mythologies" and Barthes’ s "political mythologies", will help us to understand his mythological poetics and its enlightening significance of pioneering the way for the study of French mythological poetics.

关 键 词：雅各布森 神话诗学 罗兰·巴尔特 政治神话 诗歌神话 民族神话 

分 类 号：B932[哲学宗教—宗教学]