从非洲猪瘟事件看食品供应链安全风险防控  

Prevention of Food Supply Chain Security Risks from the Perspective of African Swine Fever Incident

作　　者：杜国明[1] 于恺 DU Guo-ming;YU Kai(School of Humanities and Law,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学人文与法学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《南方农村》2020年第5期21-26,共6页South China Rural Area

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目“碳减排配额交易中广东碳汇林交易机制及成本价格研究”(2020A1515011193);广东省软科学项目“广东省重大经济活动知识产权风险防范与评议研究”(2019A101002047)和“粤港澳大湾区生态环境协同保护机制研究”(2018A070712029)。

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟事件对猪肉供应链的生猪养殖环节、存储运输环节、加工屠宰环节、终端销售环节都产生了影响。在其引发猪肉供应短缺现象的背后,也反映出了我国食品供应链整体抗风险能力不足。我国食品供应链存在三个层面的典型风险:供应链安全生产能力风险、供应链安全协作能力风险和供应链安全沟通能力风险。供应链安全生产能力风险是由于供应链各环节生产能力不足引发的安全风险;供应链安全协作能力风险是由于供应链各环节之间协作能力不足引发的低效风险;供应链安全沟通能力风险是由于供应链与市场之间信息透明度不高引发的交互风险。针对这些风险,首先应当提高各环节的生产能力、保障供应质量,为供应链的整体强化打下坚实的基础。其次,发挥核心企业主导作用、进行一体化建设,建立深度合作的高效供应链。最后,增强供应链和市场之间的信息透明度、实现信息共享,才能逐一增强风险防控,由点及线、由线及面地构建透明化、定制化的供销体系,增强供应链整体抗风险能力,真正保障食品安全。The African swine fever incident has affected the Pig breeding,storage and transportation,processing and slaughtering,and terminal sales of the pork supply chain.Behind the triggering of pork supply shortages,It also reflects that the overall anti-risk ability of China's food supply chain is insufficient.There are three typical risks in china's food supply chain:the risk of insufficient production capacity,the risk of insufficient cooperative ability and the risk of insufficient ability to communicate in the supply chain.The risk of insufficient production capacity in the supply chain is a security risk caused by insufficient production capacity in each link of the supply chain;the risk of insufficient cooperative ability in the supply chain is an inefficient risks caused by insufficient collaboration capabilities between various links in the supply chain;the risk of insufficient supply chain communication capabilities is an interaction risks caused by the low transparency of information between the supply chain and the market.In this regard,it is necessary to improve the production capacity of each link,ensure the quality of supply,and lay a solid foundation for the overall strengthening of the supply chain.At the same time,the leading role of core enterprises will be brought into play,integrated construction will be established,and an in-depth cooperation and efficient supply chain will be established.Finally,only by enhancing the transparency of information between the supply chain and the market and by achieving information sharing,can we strengthen the risk prevention one by one.A transparent and customized supply and marketing system can be established from point to line and from line to surface.It can enhance the overall supply chain's ability to resist risks to truly ensure food safety.

关 键 词：食品供应链 安全风险 抗风险能力 供销体系 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济]