基于眩光时变特性的东西朝向公路隧道接近段安全性分析  

A Safety Analysis of Approach Section of East-West Highway Tunnel Based on Glare Time-varying Characteristics

作　　者：张晓坚 梁波[1,2] 何伟[1,3] 刘宁伟 ZHANG Xiaojian;LIANG Bo;HE Wei;LIU Ningwei(College of Civil Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;State Key Laboratory of Mountain and Bridge Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Sichuan Institute of Architectural Technology,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学土木工程学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学省部共建山区桥梁及隧道工程国家重点实验室,重庆400074 [3]四川建筑职业技术学院,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2020年第3期8-16,共9页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51678096、51878107)资助。

摘　　要：东西朝向公路隧道接近段由于朝向因素,隧道受到东升西落阳光的照射而使得隧道入口内外亮度差异增大,进而产生接近段眩光。为了分析东西朝向接近段眩光对行车安全所产生的影响和改善隧道接近段的行车视觉环境质量,基于洞外亮度L20(S)的20°视场内由于隧道内外景观引起的间接眩光和亮度差异进行分析,并得到接近段眩光时变特性及其对行车安全性的影响。研究结果表明:①东西朝向接近段眩光时变特性为先增后减,分别于上、下午达到极大值;其与隧道内外亮度差异比变化趋势一致;②当隧道内外亮度差超90%时,接近段易出现由于间接眩光所产生的不舒适乃至难以容忍的眩光,进而影响行车安全性。③可通过避免出现间接眩光、降低隧道内外亮度差和改变20°视场内景观构成来提高接近段行车安全性。Approach section of east-west highway tunnels are irradiated by sunlight from the east to the west due to their orientation,which increases the difference in brightness between inside and outside of the entrance,resulting in glare in approach section.In order to analyze impacts of glare from the approach section of the east-west direction on driving safety,and improve quality of visual environment of the approach section of the tunnel,the indirect glare and brightness difference due to different landscape inside and outside of the tunnel in the20°field in the view of the brightness L20(S)outside the tunnel is analyzed,and the time-varying characteristics of glare in the approach section and its effects on driving safety is obtained.The results show that:①Characteristics of time variation of glare in the east-west approach section is increasing and then decreasing,reaching maximum values in morning and afternoon,respectively;it is consistent with the trend of the brightness difference between inside and outside of the tunnel.②When the brightness difference between inside and outside of the tunnel exceeds90%,the approach section is prone to uncomfortable and even intolerable glare due to indirect glare,which affects driving safety.③Driving safety in the approach section can be improved by avoiding indirect glare,reducing the brightness difference between inside and outside of the tunnel,and changing the landscape composition in the 20°field of view.

关 键 词：交通安全 公路隧道 现场试验 隧道接近段 眩光时变特性 

分 类 号：U459.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]