地震地形变观测系统的组成、发展及应用  

The composition,development and application of crustal deformation observation system in earthquake monitoring and prediction

作　　者：胡亚轩[1] Akito Araya 汪翠枝[1] 刘文义[1] Hu Yaxuan;Akito Araya;Wang Cuizhi;Liu Wenyi(The Second Monitoring and Application Center,CEA,Xi’an 710054,China;Earthquake Research Institute,University of Tokyo 1130032,Japan)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局第二监测中心,西安710054 [2]东京大学地震研究所,日本东京1130032

出　　处：《地震科学进展》2020年第10期23-29,共7页Progress in Earthquake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41972345)资助。

摘　　要：简要介绍地震地形变观测系统的组成及地形变观测技术的发展,指出不同观测技术的时空特点,光纤和长基线应变仪等新技术的优点以及不同地形变观测技术进行联合观测的可行性和方法优势。通过对日本岐阜县安装的1500 m臂长应变仪与GNSS地球观测网(GEONET)中的连续观测站获取的应变进行比对的实例分析,得出从连续观测站获取的水平应变去趋势后与应变仪得到的连续应变结果基本一致,地震会引起应变异常,应变仪对环境因素的影响更敏感。实际工作中应注意发展优势观测技术,进行观测技术和研究方法的融合、提高监测密度,增强时空分辨率,提升地震前兆特征识别能力,更好地为科学防震减灾服务。By presenting the composition of the crustal deformation observation system and the development of the observation techniques,we show the space-time characteristics of the different observation techniques,the advantage of the application of the optical fiber and long-baseline strainmeter and the integrated technique.It was found that the strain recorded by the 1500 m laser strainmeter constructed at Gifu Prefecture,Japan are nearly consistent with the calculated values based on the continuous GNSS stations of the GEONET(GPS Earth Observation Network).Some earthquakes can cause abnormal strains.The strainmeter is more sensitive to the environments.In practical work,we should develop the advanced techniques,use various observation techniques and research method and increase the monitoring density.It will improve the spatial and temporal resolution and promote the identification ability of the earthquake precursory characteristics and better serve scientific mitigating the disasters.

关 键 词：地形变观测技术 系统组成 新技术 应变仪 连续GNSS观测 

分 类 号：P315.6[天文地球—地震学]