基于TRPF系统的玉米优化施肥技术的应用与研究  

Maize Optimal Fertilization Technology: Application and Research Based on TRPF System

作　　者：王囡囡[1] Wang Nannan(Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi Heilongjiang 154007)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2020年第24期23-27,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2019YYYF015);黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2020YYYF049)。

摘　　要：为了验证TRPF(Three River Plain Fertilizer Recommendation System)系统在玉米测土配方施肥中的应用效果。以玉米‘哲单37’为材料,通过设置不同的施肥处理,利用SPSS对玉米的相关性状、产量等项目进行分析。结果表明:TRPF处理的穗长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粗及单株粒重表现最好,与RF(常规施肥处理)处理间无显著性差异,与其他处理之间均有显著或极显著差异。玉米产量在不同施肥处理间有显著或极显著性差异,TRPF处理的产量最高,与LR(低肥处理)、CK(对照处理)间存在着极显著差异。HR(高肥处理)的肥料投入量最大,每公顷投入2564.0元,玉米按1.2元/kg计算,得出TRPF处理的纯收益最大,每公顷13246.2元。从每公顷增收情况来看,TRPF处理较CK(对照处理)增收2314.2元,较HF(高肥处理)增收1458.2元,较LF(低肥处理)增收771.2元,较RF(常规施肥)增收800.2元。研究从农艺性状、产量情况、肥料投入等角度验证了TRPF系统取得的较好效果,即TRPF系统在玉米生产的应用达到了化肥减量效果,同时取得较好的经济效益。To verify the application effect of TRPF(Three River Plain Fertilizer Recommendation System) onsoil testing and formulated fertilization of maize, using maize variety‘ZheDan 37’as the material, throughsetting up different fertilization treatments, related traits, yield and other items of maize were analyzed by SPSS.The results showed that under the TRPF treatment, the spike length, spike line number, grain line number,spike thickness and grain weight per plant had the best performance. There was no significant differencebetween TRPF treatment and RF(routine fertilization treatment), but there was significant or extremelysignificant difference between TRPF treatment and other treatments. There were significant or extremelysignificant differences in maize yield between different fertilization treatments. TRPF treatment had the highestyield in the five treatments and it had significant differences with LR(lower fertilization treatment) and CK(control treatment). HR(higher fertilization treatment) had the largest amount of fertilizer input of 2564.0 yuan/hm2,and according to the price of maize at 1.2 yuan/kg, the net benefit of TRPF treatment was the highest at13246.2 yuan/hm2. From the perspective of income per hectare, TRPF treatment increased revenue by 2314.2 yuan compared with CK(control treatment), 1458.2 yuan compared with HF, 771.2 yuan compared with LF(lower fertilization treatment), and 800.2 yuan compared with RF(routine fertilization treatment). This studyverifies the good effect of TRPF system from the perspectives of agronomic trait, yield, fertilizer input and soon. In other words, TRPF system could achieve the effect of fertilizer reduction in maize production and goodeconomic benefit.

关 键 词：玉米 优化施肥 测土配方施肥系统 肥料投入 玉米产值 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]