生物炭的施入对Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫条件下玉米幼苗的生理响应及铬吸收的影响  

Biochar Application Under Chromium(Ⅵ)Stress:Effect on Physiological Response and Chromium(Ⅵ)Absorption of Maize Seedlings

作　　者：葛春辉[1] 张云舒[1] 唐光木[1] Ge Chunhui;Zhang Yunshun;Tang Guangmu(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Urumqi 830091)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2020年第27期20-25,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目“低温炭化对垃圾堆肥中重金属(Cr)的固定、迁移特征及其生物有效性的影响”(2017D01A48)。

摘　　要：为了研究生物炭的施入对Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫条件下玉米幼苗的生理响应及铬吸收的影响。以玉米为供试作物,试验设5个处理,测定了玉米苗的地上和地下生物量,叶片丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶活、过氧化物酶活、过氧化氢酶活等生理生化指标,并测定了玉米根系、地上部分的Cr含量。试验结果表明:在Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫条件下,地上部分鲜重相对于CK1增幅分别为12.73%、32.73%、38.40%,其中BC450、BC600处理相对于CK1达到显著性差异(P<0.05);BC600处理根系铬含量仅为1.258 mg/kg,相对减少铬吸收量65.75%,同时地上部分铬含量仅为0.36 mg/kg;丙二醛、脯氨酸、CAT酶活、POD酶活、SOD酶活等指标随明显增加(P<0.05);其中BC600的处理相对于铬胁迫CK1明显降低丙二醛、脯氨酸含量、POD、CAT、SOD酶活(P<0.05),而使可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量明显增加(P<0.05)。通过综合评定,施用生物炭处理,玉米苗期受到的Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫程度低于对照,生物炭对Cr(Ⅵ)具有一定的固定效应,其中BC600处理最为明显。The objective is to study the effect of biochar application on the physiological response and chromium absorption of maize seedlings under Cr(Ⅵ)stress.Maize was used as the test material,5 treatments were set up.The biological indexes were determined,such as the aboveground and underground biomass of maize seedlings,the contents of malonaldehyde(MDA),proline,soluble sugar,soluble protein in leaves,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT).Under Cr(Ⅵ)stress,the fresh weight of aboveground part under biochar treatment was increased by 12.73%,32.73%and 38.40%compared with that of CK1,respectively,and BC450 and BC600 treatment had significant difference compared with CK1(P<0.05);the content of chromium in the root system of BC600 treatment was only 1.258 mg/kg,which reduced the amount of chromium absorption by 65.75%,while the content of chromium in the aerial part was only 0.36 mg/kg.The activity of MDA,proline,CAT,POD and SOD increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with CK1,MDA,proline,POD,CAT and SOD decreased significantly(P<0.05)in BC600 treatment,but the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar increased significantly(P<0.05).According to comprehensive assessment,the degree of Cr(Ⅵ)stress on maize seedling of BC treatment is lower than that of the control,and biochar applied has certain fixed effect on Cr(Ⅵ),especially BC600.

关 键 词：Cr(Ⅵ)胁迫 生物炭 玉米幼苗 生理响应 铬吸收 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]