矮秆紧凑型油菜细胞质雄性不育恢复系的选育和应用  

Rapeseed Male Sterility Restorer Line with Dwarf and Compact Type:Breeding and Application

作　　者：关周博[1] 董育红[1] 张耀文[1] 李少钦[1] 张文学[1] 田建华[1] Guan Zhoubo;Dong Yuhong;Zhang Yaowen;Li Shaoqin;Zhang Wenxue;Tian Jianhua(Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province/Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Oil Crops Genetic Improvement Center,Yangling Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心/国家油料作物改良中心陕西油菜分中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2020年第27期46-49,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目“非转基因抗特定除草剂杂交油菜新品种选育及种质资源创新”(2018ZDXM-NY-017);陕西省重点研发计划项目“高油高产优质多抗型机械化油菜新品种的选育”(2019NY-030)。

摘　　要：为选育高油矮杆紧凑型油菜资源,通过对亲本‘矮油A05’(母本)和‘DH09-3048’(父本)的杂交后代F1进行小孢子培养,获得DH分离群体,以植株矮秆、分枝特征、角果数量、粒数、成熟期、抗病性、抗倒性、含油量等主要性状以及较高的收获指数为选育目标,对DH分离群体进行不同生态区田间表型鉴定。选育出了具有高含油量、矮秆、株型紧凑、收获指数高等特性的细胞质雄性不育恢复系‘DH16-202’;在杂交组合配制中,‘DH16-202’表现出较强的配合力,群体株型中矮紧凑、角果性状优良、熟期集中、产量高,抗性好,符合当前机械化栽培油菜品种需求的特点,有较强的应用潜力。综上‘DH16-202’可用于机械化品种的选育,同时也为育种同行提供基础资源。This study aims at breeding rapeseed resources with high oil content,dwarf and compact type.The microspore culture of F1 hybrid offspring from‘Aiyou A05’(female parent)and‘DH09-3048’(male parent)was carried out,and then DH isolated population were obtained.Plant dwarf,branch characteristics,pod number,grain number,mature period,disease resistance,lodging resistance,oil content and higher harvest index were used as breeding target.The phenotypic determination of DH isolated population was conducted in different ecological zones.Cytoplasmic male sterile restorer line‘DH16-202’was bred that had high oil content,dwarf,compact type and high harvest index characteristics.In the hybrid combination preparation,‘DH16-202’showed stronger combining ability,plant population semi-dwarf and compact plant type,novel pod character,concentrated mature period,high yield and well stress resistance,it could meet the demand of current mechanized cultivation of rapeseed varieties,and has strong application potential.Taken together,‘DH16-202’could be used for mechanized breeding and provide basic resource for breeding peers.

关 键 词：矮杆 紧凑型 油菜 品种选育 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]