蝶翅状纳米TiO2的制备及其对AP热分解的催化性能  

Preparation of Butterfly Wing-shaped TiO2 and Its Catalytic Effects on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

作　　者：周婷婷 蔡福林 伍波 段晓惠 ZHOU Ting-ting;CAI Fu-lin;WU Bo;Duan Xiao-hui(State Key Laboratory of Environment‑friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《含能材料》2020年第11期1054-1060,I0003,共8页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(11572270和21905236)。

摘　　要：为了提高纳米金属氧化物对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化性能,以天然蓝闪蝶翅为模板,采用浸渍-煅烧法制备得到了蝶翅状二氧化钛(BW-TiO2)。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对其形貌、结构和组成进行了表征,差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了BW-TiO2对AP热分解的催化性能。结果表明,制备的BW-TiO2为锐钛矿型,颗粒粒径为8~12 nm,同时残留有少量的无定形碳和Ti。BW-TiO2较为完整地保留了蓝闪蝶翅的平行网格骨架结构,其间含有相互连通的纳米级管状通道和大量的中孔。加入5%的BW-TiO2,可使AP的高温分解峰温从429.1℃降至374.1℃,放热量从255 J∙g^-1提高到1323 J∙g^-1,反应活化能从190 kJ∙mol^-1降为130.9 kJ∙mol^-1。To improve the catalytic effect of nano metal oxides on the thermal decomposition of AP,butterfly wing-shaped titanium dioxide(BW-TiO2)has been prepared by impregnation-calcination method based on the template of a natural Morpho Butterfly wing.Field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were used to characterize its morphology,structure,and composition.The catalytic performance of BW-TiO2 for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP)was studied using the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The results show that the as-prepared BW-TiO2 owns a anatase phase with a size of 8~12 nm,accompanying with small amount of amorphous carbon and Ti.BW-TiO2 tightly resembles into a parallel grid skeleton structure,containing well-connected nano tubular channels and a large number of micro-pores.BW-TiO2 illustractes excellent catalytic activity for AP thermal decomposition.Adding 5%BW-TiO2 can reduce the high-temperature decomposition peak temperature from 429.1 to 374.1℃,increase the exothermic heat from 255 to 1323 J·g-1,and decrease the active energy from 190 to 130.9 kJ·mol-1.

关 键 词：蝶翅结构 高氯酸铵(AP) TIO2纳米颗粒 催化性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O65[理学—分析化学]