三种典型炸药晶体微塑性与撞击感度的相关性  

Linear Correlation between Micro-plastic Properties of TNT,RDX and HMX Explosives Crystals and Their Corresponding Impact Sensitivities

作　　者：温茂萍[1] 付涛[1] 唐明峰[1] 谭凯元[1] 徐容[1] 陈天娜[1] WEN Mao-ping;FU Tao;TANG Ming-feng;TAN Kai-yuan;XU Rong;CHEN Tian-na(Institute of Chemical Material,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2020年第11期1102-1108,I0006,共8页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(11604309,11902304)。

摘　　要：为了研究单质炸药晶体微观性能对混合炸药宏观力学行为和撞击感度的影响,研究了梯恩梯(TNT)、黑索今(RDX)与奥克托今(HMX)三种常用炸药晶体的微塑性表征方法,并将炸药晶体的微塑性与单质炸药撞击感度进行了相关性分析。采用纳米压痕技术对三种常用炸药晶体进行了微弹性与微塑性的测试与计算,提出了以塑性能量与压痕总能量之比(ηP)量化炸药晶体微塑性的计算方法。结果表明:与压入深度计算的微塑性(δh)相比,本研究获得的炸药晶体微塑性ηP与粉末态单质炸药的撞击感度(P)达到95.8%的线性相关。本研究提出的炸药晶体微塑性量化方法将炸药晶体微塑性与其撞击感度建立起高度线性关系,为评价炸药安全等级提供了一种微观表征方法。In order to study the effect of the crystal microscopic properties of elemental explosives on their macro-mechanical behavior and impact sensitivity of composite explosives,the micro-plastic characterization methods of TNT,RDX and HMX were studied.And the correlation analysis between the micro-plasticity of the explosive crystals and their impact sensitivities of the elemental explosive was carried out.Nano-indentation technology was used to test and calculate the micro-elasticity and micro-plasticity of TNT,RDX and HMX explosive crystals,and a calculation method based on the ratio of plastic energy and inden-tation energy(ηP)was proposed to quantify the micro-plastic properties of explosive crystals.The results showed that,compared with the micro-plasticity(δh)calculated by the indentation depth,the linear correlation coefficient between the micro-plastic properties(ηP)of the explosives crystals obtained in this research and impact sensitivities(P)of explosives in simple powders reached 95.8%,or micro-plastic properties of simple explosives were highly related to their impact sensitivities on the micro-characterization method of plastic properties of explosives crystals proposed in this paper.This research provided a microcharacterizing method for evaluating safety levels of explosives.

关 键 词：炸药 单晶 纳米压痕 微塑性 撞击感度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O34[理学—固体力学]