经济效益还是正外部性效益?美国地方政府补贴职业体育俱乐部的理由及启示  

Economic Benefits or Positive External Benefits?The Justifications and Enlightenment of US Local Governments Subsidizing Professional Sports Clubs

作　　者：喻和文 刘东锋[1] 薛浩[3] YU Hewen;LIU Dongfeng;XUE Hao(School of Economics and Management,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Department of Physical Education,Yuzhang Normal University,Nanchang 330103,Jiangxi,China;School of Physical Education,Xuzhou University of Technology,Xuzhou 221018,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院经济管理学院,上海200438 [2]豫章师范学院体育系,江西南昌330103 [3]徐州工程学院体育学院,江苏徐州221018

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2020年第11期66-75,共10页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家体育总局决策咨询一般项目(2018-C-03)。

摘　　要：通过审视美国地方政府补贴职业体育俱乐部理由的转变,即从俱乐部带来的经济效益(其实质是当地经济的再分配而非实际增长)转为正外部性效益(城市品牌、生活质量、心理收入效益),认为后者对城市发展及居民美好生活至关重要,也更能证明地方政府进行补贴的合理性。据此提出:当前我国地方政府补贴也应以正外部性效益为主要依据,在"统筹兼顾、保证重点"的公共财政支出原则下补贴金额根据非市场价值大小而定;未来我国在借鉴美国经验以条件价值法(CVM)评估职业体育俱乐部的非市场价值时,应以本土化为基础,避免多种潜在偏差。US local governments subsidizing professional sports clubs shifted from economic benefits(the essence of which is the redistribution of local economy rather than any additional economic growth)to positive externality(like city branding benefits,life quality improvement benefits,and psychic income benefits).It is held that the latter of positive externality should be followed is pivotal to urban development and the quality life of residents,therefore more justifiable for this subsidy.In view of the transformation of justification for government subsidies in the U.S.,The positive externality should be followed in terms of non-market value.Contingent valuation method(CVM)is considered to be a relatively ideal tool for non-market value evaluation.It is also suggested that the application of CVM in non-market value evaluation of professional sports clubs in China should be localized by drawing on lessons from the American practice.

关 键 词：职业体育俱乐部 政府补贴 经济效益 正外部性效益 非市场价值 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]