青岛灵山岛下白垩统湖泊风暴沉积与风暴作用  

Lacustrine storm and tempestite of Lower Cretaceous in the Lingshan island,Qingdao,Shandong

作　　者：钟建华[1,2] 倪良田 孙宁亮 郝兵 薛纯琦 邵珠福 毛毳[4] 宋冠先[1] 葛毓柱 陈彬 刘圣鑫 曹梦春 刘创 彭超峰 谷东辉 王超宁 王永强 李聪 ZHONG Jianhua;NI Liangtian;SUN Ningliang;HAO Bing;XUE Chunqi;SHAO Zhufu;MAO Cui;SONG Guanxian;GE Yuzhu;CHEN Bin;LIU Shengxin;CAO Mongchun;LIU Chuan;PENG Chaofeng;GU Donghui;WANG Chaoning;WANG Yongqiang;LI Cong(School of Geoscience,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,Shandong,266580;State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Bejing,100083;Postdoctoral Scientific Research Station,Shengli Oilfield Company Ltd.,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong,257000;Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd.,Exploration Utility Department,Heilongjiang,163453;Institute for Geology,Mineralogy and Geophysics,Ruhr University,BochumGermany,44801)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国石化集团胜利石油管理局博士后科研工作站,山东东营257000 [4]东北石油大学地球科学学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [5]波鸿大学地质矿物学和地球物理学学院,德国波鸿44801

出　　处：《地质学报》2020年第10期3036-3061,共26页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572088)资助的成果。

摘　　要：灵山岛背来石剖面发育了非常典型的湖泊风暴岩和风暴作用。非常典型的丘、洼状构造发育在火山岩底部的砂页岩中。丘状构造呈典型的丘状,规模不一,小者高数厘米,宽数十厘米;大者高2.4m,宽12.48m;具有典型的二元结构:底部为灰色或浅灰色的砂砾岩或砂岩;顶部为深灰色-黑色泥岩、页岩或薄层砂岩互层。砂砾岩分选磨圆均很差,砾石主要为片麻岩,直径多在数毫米到3~4cm,呈悬浮式胶结。砾岩底部为凹凸不平的侵蚀面,砾岩向丘状构造两翼变薄甚至尖灭,与下部侵蚀面呈典型的角度交切。丘状构造的上部的细粒层有四个要素:(1)上凸形态;(2)丘状交错层理;(3)下细上粗的二元结构;(4)底部具侵蚀面。洼状构造也具有典型的洼状,规模也不一,小者高数厘米,宽十余厘米;大者高2.4m,宽18.70m,具有下细上粗的(反)二元结构,但底部多为深灰-灰黑色、甚至黑色的泥岩、页岩或夹薄层砂岩,上部多为砂岩、砂砾岩或砾岩。完整的洼状构造也有四个要素:(1)下凹形态;(2)或有洼状交错层理;(3)下细上粗的(反)二元结构;(4)底部具侵蚀面。丘状构造与洼状构造在空间上相邻共生,但不是同时形成的,一个连续的完整序列是丘状构造形成在先,洼状构造形成在后,其间由一个粒度较细的薄层分隔开(风暴最高水位时的"静"水沉积)。基于实验和丘洼构造参数计算了风暴浪的相关参数。On the basis of detailed analysis of sedimentary facies and strata geometry,the present study reinterprets the Laiyang Formation(Lower Cretaceous,Lingshandao,Qingdao),previously considered as a depositional system of deep-water,as a plate subduction depositional system.In the sandstone beds of the LF,planar,low-angle and undulating laminations with weakly asymmetric hummocky and swaley bedforms,combined-flow ripples,accretionary hummocky and swaley cross-stratification-like(HCS-like and SCS-like),and anisotropic HCS-like and SCS-like suggest the action of oscillatory currents combined with unidirectional currents in forming the deposits.Most storm sediments and tempestite presently recognized lie in the south Beilaishi profile,but surprisingly,equally as many may have also occurred in the north Beilaishi profile and that have most distinct and perfect features of storm sediments and tempestite.Cyclic deposits containing hummocky and swaley cross-stratification occur in the upper part of the Lingshan Island Sandstone of Qingdao,a shallow lake transgressive sandstone of Early Cetaceous age on the Lingshan Island.The cycles average 1.6 m in thickness and consist,where complete,ofx javascript;anupper hummocky cross-stratified sandstone,a middle planar and ripple bedded sandstone with a shale bed in its middle part,and an upper bioturbated sandstone.Noteworthy features of the hummocky cross-stratification include the presence of depositional and erodedstorms and tsunamis have differences,but also commonalities such as onshore flooding and infrastructure damage domes in addition to scoured depressions,the absence of significant bedform migration,and the presence of a small proportion of dip angles greater than the angle of repose(>55°)in addition to the large proportion of low(<15°)dip angles.The lower,stratified,fining-upward part of the cycle(up to the top of the shale bed)is interpreted as having accumulated under conditions of initially great but gradually decreasing current velocity and deposition rate.The curre

关 键 词：风暴 风暴沉积 风暴岩 丘状构造 洼状构造 (反)二元结构 湖泊 灵山岛 

分 类 号：P534.53[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P512.2[天文地球—地质学]