基于工件尺寸的数控机床热误差建模与补偿  

Comprehensive Thermal Error Modeling and Compensation Based on Workpiece Data for CNC Machine Tool

作　　者：刘璞凌[1] 杜正春[1] 冯晓冰 杨建国[1] LIU Puling;DU Zhengchun;FENG Xiaobing;YANG Jianguo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2020年第5期122-125,131,共5页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助重大仪器专项(51527806);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975372);上海市军民融合项目(2016-63)。

摘　　要：工件精度一直是制造企业的第一要务。在大批量生产的情况下,工件尺寸的超差以及加工工序的过程能力指数(Cpk)偏低主要受热误差影响。基于Cpk分析,提出了一种新的关键温度点的选择方法。基于关键温度点的温度数据和直接源自生产线的工件尺寸数据,构建了数控机床主轴径向热误差模型。该模型的补偿效果显著,补偿后的工件尺寸均符合技术规范的要求,工件内径距离中心值的最大值由12μm减小至6μm,Cpk由补偿前的0.82提高至1.48。The accuracy of workpiece is always the first priority of manufacturing enterprises. The workpiece accuracy from mass production is mainly affected by thermal errors, which cause many rejects and unacceptable Process Capability Index(Cpk) of the machining process. A thermal key point(TKP) selection method is proposed based on Cpk influence analysis. A novel radial spindle thermal error modeling is established based on workpiece data and TKPs. The proposed method is proved to be feasible and effective, the produced workpiece in mass production after compensation all meet the specification. The maximum difference between workpiece inner diameter and the nominal specification has been reduced from 12 μm to 6 μm. The Cpk has been improved from 0.82 to 1.48.

关 键 词：热误差 误差建模 工件尺寸 过程能力指数 关键温度点 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]