铜镍冶炼渣的资源化利用研究进展  

Research Progress of Resource Utilization of Copper-Nickel Smelting Slag

作　　者：张婷婷[1] 智士伟 郭利杰 武震林 韩俊南[1] ZHANG Tingting;ZHI Shiwei;GUO Lijie;WU Zhenlin;HAN Junnan(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China;BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 110160,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,辽宁大连116024 [2]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2020年第5期637-645,共9页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“基于有色冶炼渣的绿色充填胶凝材料制备及其性能合作研究”(编号:2017YFE0107000)资助。

摘　　要：对铜镍渣进行二次综合利用,实现高附加值产品的研制和利用是亟需解决的难题。本文介绍了铜镍渣的化学和其矿物成分,系统概述了利用铜镍渣进行有价金属回收,铜镍渣用于制备CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃,以及以铜镍渣为主要原料制备矿井充填胶凝材料、高强度的复合胶凝材料和作为集料制备混凝土的相关研究进展。相比物理浮选法和化学高温还原回收提取有价金属,采用化学法溶液浸出处理铜镍渣能够综合回收有价元素,实现梯级利用。铜镍渣经除铁后其中的少量铁化合物可替代微晶玻璃中的成核剂,利用铜镍渣除铁后的二次渣制备微晶玻璃可大大提高工业铜镍废渣的利用率。结合混凝土相关新技术指出,解决铜镍渣应用过程中比重大、活性低的问题,是实现将铜镍渣应用于建筑工程的关键。Copper and nickel slag is an industrial by-product produced by smelting copper-nickel metal in smelters,and it is an urgent problem to comprehensively utilize copper nickel slag and realize the development and utilization of high value-added products.The microcrystalline glass with good mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance can be prepared by using copper-nickel slag as the main materials and adding a small amount of composition regulator,clarifier and co-solvent in the process of production.Copper and nickel slag contains a lot of valuable metals,so it can be recovered by means of solution leaching,flotation extraction and high temperature reduction.In addition,the method of physical and chemical excitation of copper and nickel slag can be used to prepare mine filling green cementitious materials and high strength composite cementitious materials under the condition of mineral admixtures.Moreover,copper and nickel slag can also be used for concrete fine aggregate.The resource utilization of copper and nickel slag can save resources and protect environment.Compared with flotation and high temperature reduction method recovery to extract valuable metals from nickel smelting slag,the chemical solution leaching treatment method can comprehensively recover valuable elements and realize the cascade utilization.And the small amount of iron compounds after removing iron from copper nickel slag can be used as nucleating agent in the preparation of microcrystalline glass,which would be greatly improved the utilization rate of industrial copper nickel waste slag.In additon,combined with the new concrete technology is the key to solving the disadvantages of high density and low activity of copper nickel slag in the application of civil engineering.Therefore,further research is needed to fully utilize copper and nickel slag on a large scale.

关 键 词：铜镍渣 资源化利用 化学组成 矿物组成 有价金属 胶凝材料 

分 类 号：TU526[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]