病因推断的远征者:罗伯特·科赫  

The expeditioner of epidemiological causal inference:Robert Koch

作　　者：章奇 吴俊 叶冬青[1] 范引光[1] ZHANG Qi;WU Jun;YE Dong-qing;FAN Yin-guang(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系炎症免疫性疾病安徽省实验室,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2020年第10期1237-1240,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：19世纪的德国医生罗伯特·科赫(Robert Koch,1843―1910)是世界病原细菌学的奠基人和开拓者,也是流行病学病因推断的远征者。他开创了结核杆菌染色、固体培养基、显微摄影术以及细菌显微镜术等,奠定了微生物学的基础;他先后发现炭疽杆菌、伤寒杆菌、结核杆菌和霍乱弧菌等百余种细菌,拨开了未知病因疾病的神秘面纱;单病因生物特异病因学说和科赫法则的面世,开启了病因推断的"黄金时代"。Robert Koch(1843-1910),a German doctor in the 19 th century,was the founder and pioneer of world pathogenic bacteriology,as well as an expedition to infer the causes of epidemics.He innovated the technology of mycobacterium tuberculosis staining,developed solid culture medium,microphotography and bacterial microscopy,etc.,which laid the foundation for researchers in microbiology;he successively found more than 100 kinds of bacteria,such as anthrax,typhoid,tuberculosis and vibrio cholerae,which opened the mysterious veil of unknown causes diseases;the single cause biological specific causation theory and Koch’s law came out,which opened the"golden era"of epidemiological causal inference.

关 键 词：罗伯特·科赫 细菌 流行病学 病因推断 公共卫生 历史人物 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]