空气湿度对舰用燃气轮机两级对置式离心压气机性能的影响  

Humidity effects on the performance of an opposed-setting-two-stage centrifugal compressor for marine gas turbine

作　　者：倪明 耿少娟[1,2] 张小玉 张宏武 NI Ming;GENG Shao-Juan;ZHANG Xiao-Yu;ZHANG Hong-Wu(Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《舰船科学技术》2020年第10期110-117,共8页Ship Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51506195)。

摘　　要：湿度会影响空气的比热、气体常数及比热比等热力学参数使燃气轮机及其部件性能超出允许测量误差范围。干、湿空气的粘性等输运特性也有差异,流场细节的不同影响了压气机部件的稳定运行范围。本文以某舰船微型燃气轮机用对置式两级离心压气机为研究对象,借助Ansys CFX数值模拟软件分析了含湿量为0~0.01范围内6个工况条件下的压气机特性变化规律。结果表明,随着含湿量的上升,气体的定压比热和气体常数增加,比热比减少;相同流量下,压气机压比、温比及多变效率降低。高压级扩压器叶片表面静压总体随着湿度的增加而减小,前缘载荷降低,气流攻角减少,改善吸力面的流动分离。压气机裕度较干空气工况均有所增加,湿度越大,裕度增量越小。Humidity affects the thermodynamic properties of the working fluid,including specific heat,gas constant and specific heat ratio,which makes the operating performance of gas turbine and its components beyond the uncertainty of measurements.Additionally,it is the variation between the transport properties of humid and dry air that makes the detail of the flow field different a little bit and changes the stable operation range of compressors.In this paper,an opposed-settingtwo-stage centrifugal compressor for a marine micro-gas turbine is taken as the research object.6 ambient conditions with water-air ratios varying from 0 to 0.01 are calculated by Ansys CFX to show the humidity effects on the compressor performance.As the results show with the increment of water-air ratio,the specific heat at constant pressure and gas constant rise,the specific heat ratio decreases.At the same mass flow rate,the pressure ratio,temperature ratio,and polytropic efficiency deteriorate slightly.The static pressure along the surface of HP diffuser blade,the loading at the leading edge of the vane and the attack angle of HP diffuser inlet decrease with the augment of humidity,which reduces the flow separation along the suction side.Meanwhile,as the humidity is regarded,the stall margin gets increased under all moisture conditions compared with the dry one.The larger the humidity is,the smaller the stall margin improvement is.

关 键 词：两级离心压气机 热力学参数 性能 空气湿度 稳定性 

分 类 号：TK05[动力工程及工程热物理]