船舶静音发电机室通风系统数值模拟和实船改进  

Numerical simulation and real ship improvement of ship silent generator room ventilation

作　　者：郭昂[1] 张京坤 侯小军[1] 倪其军[1] GUO Ang;ZHANG Jing-kun;HOU Xiao-jun;NI Qi-jun(China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《舰船科学技术》2020年第17期87-91,共5页Ship Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51479181)。

摘　　要：国内最大的渔业科考船在进行静音科考航行实验时,发现舱室风雨密门因舱压过低难以打开;发电机组机旁温度过高,严重影响机器使用寿命和人员操作安全;舱内流场极不均匀,尾部流速过大,首部流速过小,整体梯度过大。利用CFD技术进行舱室流场数值分析,在验证模型正确的基础上提出改进方案:顶部增设一路由风管、消音器、风机和布风器组成的进风道。通过比较不同进口风速下的通风效果得到最佳风机风量:风速7 m/s,风量13000 m^3/h时,机旁温度由50.1℃降为43.2℃,舱压由–450 Pa提高至–110 Pa。进一步通过实船改造及试验验证了优化方案的合理性。该方案施工方便、有效,对于静音舱室的工程设计具有一定的参考价值。When The largest fishery research ship conducted a silent scientific test,it was found:the cabin weathertight door was difficult to open because the cabin pressure was too low;the temperature near the generator set was too high,which seriously affected the service life of the machine and the safety of personnel operation;The flow field was extremely uneven,the flow velocity in the tail was too large,the head was too small,and the overall gradient was too large.The CFD technology was used to analyze the flow field of the cabin,and the airflow improvement scheme was proposed based on the correctness of the verification model:an air inlet consisting of a duct,a silencer,a fan and air distributors were added at the top.The best air volume was obtained by comparing ventilation effects during different inlet flow speeds:when the wind speed was 7 m/s,the air volume was 13000 m^3/h,the temperature near the engine was reduced from 50.1℃to 43.2℃,and the cabin pressure was increased from-450 Pa to-110 Pa.The rationality of the optimization scheme was verified by real ship transformation and experiment.The scheme was convenient and effective in construction,which had certain reference value for the engineering design of the silent cabin.

关 键 词：气流组织 计算流体力学 数值模拟 热环境 通风 

分 类 号：U663.82[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]