基于表面张力的氧化物组分及含量对焊接飞溅的影响  

Effect of component and content of oxide based on surface tension on welding spatter

作　　者：刘西洋 徐锴 杨淼森 霍树斌 许可贵 Liu Xiyang;Xu Kai;Yang Miaosen;Huo Shubin;Xu Kegui(Shanghai Dianji University,Shanghai 201306,China;Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China;Harbin Well Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电机学院,上海201306 [2]哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司,哈尔滨150028 [3]哈尔滨威尔焊接有限责任公司,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《焊接》2020年第8期22-25,62,共5页Welding & Joining

基　　金：黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(GY2019YF0121)。

摘　　要：借助药芯中各氧化物化学键能的不同改变其表面张力,研究了自保护药芯焊丝药芯中氧化物组分及含量对飞溅的影响规律,并通过高速摄像记录了其熔滴过渡和飞溅情况。研究结果表明,药芯中氧化物组分及含量的变化引起了其表面张力变化,对熔滴过渡特征有重要影响,进而对焊接飞溅产生影响。表面张力较小时发生排斥过渡小颗粒偏飞型飞溅;表面张力较大时发生短路过渡电爆炸型飞溅;该试验条件下,通过调节药芯中金红石、锆英砂、镁铝粉的含量,药芯的表面张力达到一个最佳值,焊接时发生弧桥并存过渡液桥爆断型飞溅,此时飞溅率较小。Based on changing surface tension according to different chemical bond energy of oxides in flux-core,the effect of composition and content of flux oxides in self-shielded flux cored wire on welding spatter was investigated,meanwhile droplet transfer and spatter of wire by high-speed camera.The results indicated that the surface tension depended on the oxides composition and content in flux and had an important influence on droplet transfer characteristic,then effected welding spatter.Spatter by repelled transfer with small drop occurred when the surface tension was small,explosive splash by short circuiting transfer occurred when the surface tension was big.Under this experimental condition,the surface tension can reach the best value by adjusting the content of rutile,zicon sand and magnesium aluminum powder in flux-cored when the spatter loss coefficient reached minimum and blasting spatter of transition liquid bridge with arc bridge occurred.

关 键 词：自保护药芯焊丝 焊接飞溅 表面张力 熔滴过渡 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接]