新疆和田达玛沟佛寺遗址出土壁画颜料分析  

Component analysis of the pigments of wall paintings excavated from Dharma Valley Site in Khotan,Xinjiang

作　　者：高愚民 杨真真 王丽琴[2] 黄建华 樊再轩[4] 邝玲华 于志勇 GAO Yumin;YANG Zhenzhen;WANG Liqin;HUANG Jianhua;FAN Zaixuan;KUANG Linghua;YU Zhiyong(Xinjiang Museum, Urumqi 830000, China;School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China;Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum, Xi’an 710600, China;The Conservation Institute of Dunhuang Academy, Jiuquan 736200, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]西北大学文化遗产学院,陕西西安710069 [3]秦始皇帝陵博物院,陕西西安710600 [4]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃酒泉736200

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2020年第5期86-93,共8页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家文物局重点文物保护项目资助(20121492)。

摘　　要：达玛沟佛寺是新疆和田地区重要的佛教遗址,具有极高的佛教及艺术价值,对我国乃至东亚的佛教艺术都有着重要的影响。为研究新疆达玛沟佛寺遗址出土壁画颜料成分及工艺,以壁画文物残块为研究对象,利用体视显微镜、X荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、偏光显微镜等多种仪器对其进行了分析鉴定。结果表明,达玛沟佛寺所使用的颜料全部为矿物颜料,其中蓝色颜料为青金石,绿色颜料为氯铜矿,白色颜料为石膏,红色颜料为朱砂,褐色颜料为铁红,赭黄色颜料为铁黄。该研究为探索中国西域佛教史、美术工艺史及后期修复保护材料、工艺选择提供科学依据。Dharma Valley Buddhist Temple is an important Buddhist site in Khotan area of Xinjiang.It boasts a high value of Buddhism and art,having presented a significant influence on Buddhist arts of China and even East Asia.In order to study the pigments and workmanship of wall paintings excavated from Dharma Valley Buddhist Temple ruins in Xinjiang,cultural relic fragments that cannot be restored were specially selected as samples.Wall painting samples were analyzed by stereomicroscopy,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray diffractometry,Raman spectrometry and polarized light microscopy.The results show that the blue pigment is lazurite,the green pigment is atacamite,the white pigment is gypsum,the red pigment is cinnabar,the brown pigment is iron red and the ochre yellow pigment is ferrite yellow.This study provides an important scientific basis for the further exploration of the history of ancient arts and crafts and subsequent restoration and conservation.

关 键 词：达玛沟 出土壁画 颜料成分 拉曼光谱 偏光显微分析 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]