海域天然气水合物资源开采新技术展望  

A PROSPECT REVIEW OF NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE GAS HYDRATE RESOURCES

作　　者：陈强 胡高伟 李彦龙[1,2] 万义钊 刘昌岭 吴能友[1,2] 刘洋 CHEN Qiang;HU Gaowei;LI Yanlong;WAN Yizhao;LIU Changling;WU Nengyou;LIU Yang(Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate of Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China;School of Geophysics and Information Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部天然气水合物重点实验室,中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源与探测技术功能实验室,青岛266071 [3]中国地质大学(北京)地球物理与信息技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2020年第9期44-55,共12页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“水合物试采、环境监测及综合评价应用示范”(2017YFC0307600);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190231)。

摘　　要：随着全球海域天然气水合物资源勘探工作的深入和油气开发技术装备水平的提升,深水浅层天然气水合物资源商业化开采的前景逐渐明晰。自2013年开始,日本、中国相继进行了多次海域水合物试开采尝试,连续产气时间、累计产气量和日均产气量逐步获得提升。2020年中国率先实现了从"探索性试采"向"试验性试采"的跨越。然而,以"降压"为核心理念的开采技术单井产气量瓶颈明显,制约了水合物资源产业化发展进程,必须在已有技术方法基础上创新发展,形成高效、安全、经济的海域天然气水合物资源开采专有技术体系。笔者梳理了近年来海域天然气水合物开采技术研发领域内的新进展,分析了包括"原位分解采气"和"原位破碎抽取"两大开采框架指导下,多种开采技术的创新升级进展和存在的主要问题,在此基础上展望了未来海域天然气水合物资源开采技术的研发方向。With the rapid development of marine gas hydrate exploration and the upgrading of oil and gas mining technology around the world,the prospect of commercial exploitation of gas hydrate resources in deep-water is gradually emerged.Since 2013,Japan and China have carried out several times of trial productions of marine hydrates and the continuous gas production time,cumulative gas production and daily average gas production have been gradually improved.In 2020,China took the lead in realizing the leap from"exploratory production"to"test production".However,the amount of single well production with"depressurization"as the core concept restricted the industrialization development seriously.It is necessary to innovate and develop the existing technology and methods to form an more efficient,safe and economic special technology system for marine hydrates recovery.In this paper,new progress in the research and development of natural gas hydrate exploitation technology in the past years have been reviewed,by analyzing the innovation and upgrading progress of various types of exploitation technology,revealing the main problems existed with the philosophies of"in-situ decomposition and extraction"and"in-situ crushing and extraction".On this basis,the research and development direction of natural gas hydrate exploitation technology in the future is prospected.

关 键 词：天然气水合物 开采新技术 原位分解采气 原位破碎抽取 

分 类 号：P744[天文地球—海洋科学] P618.13