净月潭国家森林公园针叶林根系共生真菌初步调查  

Investigation on Symbiotic Fungi in Roots of Coniferous Forests in Jingyuetan National Forest Park

作　　者：冀瑞卿[1] 周吉江 马世玉 卡苏尔曼 徐洋[1] 李玉[1] JI Ruiqing;ZHOU Jijiang;MA Shiyu;KASUERMAN;XU Yang;LI Yu(Jilin Agricultural University Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Changchun 130118,China;Guizhou Daqin Agricultural Science and Technology Co.Ltd.,Guiyang 552407,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,长春130118 [2]贵州大秦光伏农业科技有限公司,贵阳552407

出　　处：《菌物研究》2020年第3期154-161,共8页Journal of Fungal Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600020);大学生创新创业项目(2017405)。

摘　　要：采用菌根形态学及分子生物学手段对采自净月潭国家森林公园的红松Pinus koraiensis、落叶松Larix gmelinii和云杉Picea asperata根系共生真菌进行了初步调查。结果表明:外生菌根形态依据不同树种表现不同,红松外生菌根主要表现为淡黄色到褐色,不分支、偶有珊瑚状分支,外延菌丝丰富或浓密;云杉菌根颜色基本为淡黄色到黄色,末端膨大或等粗,表现为弯曲状或蜿蜒状,不分支或不规则分支、偶有羽状分支,外延菌丝少;落叶松菌根淡黄色到黄色,偶有红褐色,不分支、羽状分支或不规则分支,外延菌丝浓密,也有表现外延菌丝少量。共鉴定获得共生真菌9科9属,其中红松根系外生菌根真菌2种:美洲乳牛肝菌Suillus americanus和外生菌根真菌未定种1,内生真菌3种:Phialocephala fortinii,Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum和Phialocephala helvetica;云杉根系外生菌根真菌5种:臭红菇Russula foetens、外生菌根真菌未定种2和外生菌根真菌未定种3,Tomentella sp.1和Tomentella sp.2;落叶松根系外生菌根真菌4种:平凹盘菌Peziza depressa、拟篦边红菇Russula pectinatoides、外生菌根真菌未定种4和外生菌根真菌未定种5。该研究结果丰富了针叶树根系共生真菌的多样性,可为进一步开展菌根形态解剖学以及菌根生态学等研究提供依据。Morphology and Molecular biology techniques were used to the preliminary investigation of the symbiotic fungi of root tips from Pinus koraiensis,Larix gmelinii and Picea asperata growing in Jingyuetan national Forest Park.The results were showed as follows.The ECM types were different according to different host trees.The ECM of Pinus koraiensis is light yellow to brown,no branching,occasionally coral-like branching,abundant or dense external mycelium,occasionally a small amount of epitaxial mycelium.The ECM of Picea asperata is light yellow to yellow,enlarged or equally thick in the ends which showing a curved or sinuous shape,no branching or irregular branching,occasionally pinnate branching,little external hyphae.The ECM of Larix gmelinii is light yellow to yellow,occasionally red brown,no branching,feathery branching or irregular branching,dense external mycelium,occasionally few external mycelium.Total 9 genera in 9 families of the fungi were identified and obtained.Among them,two species of ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF)Suillus americanus and unspecified species 1,three species of endophytic fungi:Phialocephala fortinii,Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum and Phialocephala helvetica were obtained from the roots of Pinus koraiensis;five species of ECMF Russula foetens,undetermined 2 and undetermined3,Tomentella sp.1 and Tomentella sp.2 from Picea asperata roots obtained;and four species of ECMF:Peziza depressa,Russula pectinatoides,undetermined 4 and unspecified 5 from Larix gmelinii roots.It is concluded that our results enrich the symbiotic fungal diversity of coniferous trees,and provid the basis for further research on mycorrhizal morphology and mycorrhizal ecology of coniferous forests.

关 键 词：根系共生真菌 针叶林 外生菌根 外生菌根真菌 内生菌根真菌 

分 类 号：Q949.329[生物学—植物学]