基于微卫星标记的真鲷放流群体与增殖海域群体遗传变异比较分析  

Comparison and analysis of genetic variation between the released population and the population in the breeding area of Pagrus major based on microsatellite markers

作　　者：赵雨 孙典荣 单斌斌 刘岩 杨长平 周文礼 ZHAO Yu;SUN Dian-rong;SHAN Bin-bin;LIU Yan;YANG Chang-ping;ZHOU Wen-li(College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Key Lab of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,China Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津300384 [2]中国水产科学院南海水产研究所农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋科学》2020年第10期66-73,共8页Marine Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2020TD01);中国-东盟海上合作基金资助项目(2016100020);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201001)。

摘　　要：真鲷(Pagrus major)是中国沿岸海域重要的经济种类,增殖放流作为修复真鲷渔业资源、恢复自然群体的方法,现已在中国被广泛地应用。然而,将大量人工繁育的苗种投入自然海域中,可能会对自然群体造成一定程度的遗传学影响。因此,在开展真鲷增殖放流的同时,应进行遗传监测。本研究使用7对真鲷微卫星标记,对2017年于防城港沿岸海域开展的真鲷增殖放流进行遗传监测,对比分析了真鲷亲体、放流真鲷苗种以及放流后混合群体的遗传多样性。研究结果表明,真鲷亲本群体与真鲷放流群体的等位基因丰度(13.5253,16.4286)和期望杂合度(0.7927,0.8145)没有明显的差异,表明在苗种繁育过程中,没有出现遗传多样性丢失的现象。真鲷放流群体和放流后混合群体的期望杂合度(0.8145,0.8228)、等位基因丰度(16.4286,16.7555)相似,表明真鲷放流群体和放流后混合群体处于相同的遗传多样性水平。3个群体的多态信息含量为0.7688~0.8055,表明3个群体均具有较高的遗传多样性。群体间遗传分化指数(0.016667)和遗传距离(0.265375~0.301915)的结果显示群体间的遗传分化微弱,未形成明显的遗传分化。因此,可认为本研究中真鲷增殖放流未对放流后混合群体造成明显的遗传学影响。本研究为今后真鲷增殖放流遗传监测提供了理论参考依据。Pagrus major is an important economic species in China’os coastal waters and stock enhancement is a tool commonly used to restore the fish stocks.Putting large numbers of hatchery-raised fish into natural habitats can however have some genetic effect on the natural population.Therefore,genetic monitoring should be carried concurrently.In this study,after the release of the stock enhancement in Fangchenggang in 2017,7 polymorphism microsatellite markers were selected to genotype the genetic differentiation among brood-stock,offspring,and the mixed population.The findings showed that there was no significant difference in allelic richness(13.5253,16.4286)and expected heterozygosity(0.7927,0.8145)between the broodstock and offspring populations,suggesting that there was no loss of genetic diversity in the breeding process.Additionally,the expected heterozygosity(0.8145,0.8228)and allelic richness(16.4286,16.7555)of the offspring and the mixed population after release were similar,suggesting that the two populations had the same genetic diversity.The three populations had a polymorphic information content of 0.7688-0.8055,indicating high genetic variation among the three populations.Moreover,the results of the index of genetic differentiation(0.016667)and the genetic distance(0.265375-0.301915)showed that the genetic differentiation between populations was low and no significant genetic differentiation was established.In summary,after publication,there was hardly any genetic effect of stock enhancement on the mixed population.

关 键 词：真鲷(Pagrus major) 微卫星 遗传影响 增殖放流 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]