丁腈橡胶生产中微生物法处理丙烯腈废气的研究  

Study on treatment of acrylonitrile waste gas by microbial method in NBR production

作　　者：水生宏 Shui Shenghong(Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Mining Co.LTD.,Xi’an 710075,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油矿业有限责任公司,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《橡塑技术与装备》2020年第22期17-24,共8页China Rubber/Plastics Technology and Equipment

摘　　要：丙烯腈是有机合成工业中的重要单体,它用于制造腈纶纤维、丁腈橡胶、合成树脂、塑料、药品、染料、增塑剂及黏合剂等原料,同时可用作许多生产过程的反应介质,由于生产和使用丙烯腈时,可因为设备密封不严或其它的因素而污染空气,丙烯腈以蒸气状态存在于空气中。丙烯腈属高毒物,其毒性作用类似氢氰酸,主要是由于吸入丙烯腈蒸气或皮肤接触而引起的中毒。一般情况下,可用于处理有害气体的微生物可分为自养型和异养型两大类。自养型微生物可以在没有有机碳和氮源的条件下,靠其它物质的氧化获得必要的能量,所以这类微生物主要用于处理无机物。在净化有机废气时,异养型微生物比较有用。它们通过对有机物的氧化分解来获得营养物和能量,所以比较适宜于有机污染物的分解转化。本文研究了设备填料高度、营养液的pH值对处理效果的影响。生物法处理有机废气的治理是一项新的技术,目前国外将生物膜法应用于有机废气处理的进展与动态应该引起我国化工环保科研究设计人员的重视,本文应环保要求积极开展丙烯腈废气该领域的研究,为其在我国尽快实现实用化作贡献。Acrylonitrile is an important monomer in the organic synthesis industry.It is used to manufacture acrylic fiber,nitrile rubber,synthetic resin,plastics,pharmaceuticals,dyes,plasticizers and adhesives.It can also be used as a reaction medium in many production processes.In the production and use of acrylonitrile,the air may be polluted due to lax sealing of equipment or other factors.Acrylonitrile exists in the air as vapor.Acrylonitrile is a highly toxic substance,its toxic effect is similar to that of hydrocyanic acid.It is mainly caused by inhalation of acrylonitrile vapor or skin contact.In general,microorganisms that can be used to deal with harmful gases can be divided into autotrophic and heterotrophic types.Autotrophic microorganisms can obtain necessary energy by oxidation of other substances without organic carbon and nitrogen sources,so they are mainly used to treat inorganic substances.Heterotrophic microorganisms are more useful in the purification of organic waste gas.They obtain nutrients and energy through the oxidation and decomposition of organic matter,so they are more suitable for the decomposition and transformation of organic pollutants.In this paper,the effects of equipment packing height and pH value of nutrient solution on the treatment effect are studied.The treatment of organic waste gas by biological method is a new technology.At present,the development and trend of the application of biofilm method in the treatment of organic waste gas in foreign countries should be paid attention to by the researchers and designers of chemical environmental protection department in China.This paper should actively carry out the research on the field of acrylonitrile waste gas according to the requirements of environmental protection,so as to contribute to its practical application in China as soon as possible.

关 键 词：异养型微生物 分解转化 填料高度 处理效果 橡胶生产 

分 类 号：TQ333.7[化学工程—橡胶工业]