两种采矿方法下离子型稀土矿山生态环境成本量化对比研究  

Comparative Study on Ecology Environmental Cost of Two Mining Methods in Ion-adsorption Rare Earth Mine

作　　者：鞠丽萍 祝怡斌 翟广鹏 JU Li-ping;ZHU Yin-bin;ZHAI Guang-peng(Beijing General Research of Mining&Metallurgy,Beijing 100160,China;Beijing Didi Infinity Technology and Development Company Limited,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]北京矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [2]北京嘀嘀无限科技发展有限公司,北京100193

出　　处：《稀土》2020年第5期143-149,共7页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项-金属矿土地复垦技术规范(2017YFF0206802-3)。

摘　　要：矿山生态环境成本定量核算对稀土行业可持续发展具有重要影响,土壤生态环境成本和水环境成本是离子型稀土矿山生产过程中的最主要环境成本。本文以离子型稀土矿山土壤生态环境和水环境成本为研究对象,建立了生态环境成本核算框架,对两种不同采矿方法(堆池浸工艺和原地浸矿工艺)下的离子型稀土矿山的环境成本进行了量化核算。研究表明,原地浸矿工艺环境成本(25430元/吨稀土)略低于池浸工艺(26683元/吨稀土),二者相差不大。建议离子稀土矿山实际生产中,应根据当地实际地质环境条件,考虑堆浸与原地浸矿两种工艺的共生共赢。Quantitative study on environmental cost,whose main environmental costs are soil and water,has an important influence on the sustainable development of ion-adsorption rare earth mine.Taking the soil and water environmental cost of ion-adsorption rare earth mine as the study subject,a model of environment cost accounting was established to quantify the environmental cost of ion-adsorption rare earth mine in this paper.The results showed that the environmental cost of situ leaching process(25430 yuan per ton of rare earth)was slightly lower than that of heap leaching process(26683 yuan per ton of rare earth).The research suggested that the symbiosis and win-win of heap leaching and situ leaching processes should be considered in actual production,according to the geological environment conditions.

关 键 词：离子型稀土矿 土壤生态环境 水环境 生态环境成本 

分 类 号：TD865[矿业工程—金属矿开采]