滇、黔、桂毗邻区域水族民歌音乐形态的比较研究  

Comparative Study of the Musical Forms of the Folk Songs of Shui People in the Adjacent Areas of Yunnan,Guizhou and Guangxi

作　　者：傅海燕 Fu Haiyan(Yunnan Provincial Research Institute of Ethnic Arts,Kunming,Yunnan,650021)

机构地区：[1]云南省民族艺术研究院,云南昆明650021

出　　处：《民族艺术研究》2020年第5期118-128,共11页Ethnic Art Studies

基　　金：云南省哲学社科艺术学项目“滇、黔、桂毗邻区域水族民俗音乐的比较研究”(项目编号:A2016YBY004)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：滇、黔、桂水族群落的民歌,在历史文本和共时田野比较中,题材、体裁及音乐风格特征上有很多共性:三地水族民歌宏观上都具说唱风格,而且面临与他民族共融程度不一的困惑。不同之处在于:贵州水族民歌依托其"族性歌腔"的承袭,不仅在民歌体裁和题材数量上比云南、广西水族更胜一筹,而且成长为戏曲说唱;云南水族民歌的说唱风格伴有特性拖腔;广西水族民歌形成汉调水语歌。同时发现贵州水族民歌存在"简化歌腔""调式漂移"现象。进而从历史逻辑、语言境遇和节日文化立场,阐释它们与不同区域水族民歌的互动,产生迥异音声技艺的缘由。Shui people live in the adjacent areas of Yunnan,Guizhou and Guangxi provinces(autonomous regions)where similarities are found:free rhythms,making pauses by meanings,non-rectangular structure,below the fifth intervals the melodic progression is mainly based on steps,and Shui people in the three areas are Chinesized and acculturated with neighboring ethnic minorities at different extent.However,distinctive characteristics of Shui folk songs in three areas are noted:the talking and singing style of the Shui folk songs in Yunnan is similar to the songs of Buyi people in nearby,Guizhou Shui folk songs continues the"ethnic singing"of"song head","song body"and"song tail",and Guangxi Shui folk song has developed as Han songs with Shui dialect.The change of the characteristics of folk songs is mainly because of the cultural exchange with neighboring areas,therefore,small change developed into noticeable change,meaning quantitative change leads to qualitative change.

关 键 词：水族民歌 民歌分类 说唱风格 族性歌腔 

分 类 号：J607[艺术—音乐]