重度霾污染时空气细菌群落特征及与关键环境因子的相关性  

Community characteristics of airborne bacteria in severe haze and its correlation with key environmental factors

作　　者：张瑜 李维林 杨金水[1] 李宝珍[1] 袁红莉[1] ZHANG Yu;LI Wei-Lin;YANG Jin-Shui;LI Bao-Zhen;YUAN Hong-Li(State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology,Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology,Ministry of Agriculture,College of Biological Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院,农业生物技术国家重点实验室,农业部土壤微生物重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2020年第10期3126-3140,共15页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31470232)。

摘　　要：【背景】近年来频繁发生的霾污染事件严重威胁着人类的正常生活和社会经济发展。目前对霾污染颗粒物的重要组成部分生物气溶胶的关注较少。【目的】明确霾污染时空气微生物的特征,为进一步研究空气微生物对霾污染的形成及反馈机制奠定基础。【方法】采集了北京地区重度霾污染的样品,测定颗粒物的化学组分,通过高通量测序技术分析空气细菌群落结构特征,并明确其与环境因子的相关性。【结果】霾污染显著改变空气细菌群落结构、降低α多样性。霾污染使空气中变形菌门相对丰度显著上升,放线菌门相对丰度下降。颗粒物浓度及化学组分是重度霾污染中影响空气细菌群落结构的关键环境因子。与气态污染物SO2和NO2相比,水溶性离子硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐对空气细菌群落结构的影响更大。【结论】解析了重度霾污染时空气细菌群落特征和关键环境因子之间的相关性,为大气环境微生物的研究、空气质量的评价及霾污染的有效防治提供了数据参考。[Background]Recently,frequent haze events affect people’s daily life and economic development adversely.At present,less attention has been paid to airborne microorganisms in such haze events.[Objective]To explain the characteristics of airborne microbes in haze and further clarify the roles of microorganisms in the formation of haze.[Methods]Samples of particulate matter in severe haze in Beijing were collected.The microbial community structure and composition were analyzed by amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16 S rRNA genes,and the correlations with pollutants were explored.[Results]Haze events would affect the airborne bacterial community structure significantly,resulted in an obvious increase of Proteobacteria and decrease of Actinobacteria.Particulate matter and the chemical constituents were identified as key factors that affected theα-diversity and community structure of airborne bacteria in severe haze.Meanwhile,compared with gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2,water-soluble inorganic ions sulfate,nitrate and ammonium had a more obvious effect on airborne bacterial community structure.[Conclusion]This work illuminates the community characteristics of airborne bacteria in severe haze and its correlation with key environmental factors,and provides data references for airborne microbial research,air quality assessment and haze prevention.

关 键 词：霾 空气微生物 群落结构 关键环境因子 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172