九牛草的本草考证  

Textual research on traditional Chinese medicine Jiuniucao

作　　者：罗丹丹 彭华胜 詹志来 康利平[3] 张元[3] 黄显章[4] 黄璐琦 刘大会[1] LUO Dan-dan;PENG Hua-sheng;ZHAN Zhi-lai;KANG Li-ping;ZHANG Yuan;HUANG Xian-zhang;HUANG Lu-qi;LIU Da-hui(Pharmacy Faculty,Huibei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,China;Pharmacy Faculty,Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medic a,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhong Jing Formulae and Herbs for Irnmunoregulation,Hanyang Institute of Technology,Nanyang 473004,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学药学院,湖北武汉430065 [2]安徽中医药大学药学院,安徽合肥230012 [3]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京100700 [4]南阳理工学院河南省张仲景方药与免疫调节重点实验室,河南南阳473004

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2020年第17期4081-4088,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);国家重点研发计划项目(2017FYC1700704);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：九牛草始载宋代《本草图经》,明清本草多有沿用,但其所指均不甚清楚。艾叶在我国有着悠久应用历史和广阔应用范围,成为传统文化不可分割的一部分。历史上,艾叶药材的基原较多,其中明、清时期的蕲州九牛草被称作为"蕲艾",珍贵而价高,民间推崇为"艾之精英"。为捋清九牛草基原和九牛草与艾的历史渊源,该文通过对古代文献著作中九牛草的本草文图考证、产地分析,对蕲州九牛草的实地调查取样,并查阅中国科学院植物研究所标本馆馆藏蒿属标本,考证认为古代本草记载九牛草基原植物应为菊科植物宽叶山蒿Artemisia stolonifera,为古代中药材艾叶的重要基原之一,值得进一步开发利用。Jiuniucao in Qizhou,known as"Qiai",was precious and expensive in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.But the authentic plant of Jiuniucao is not mentioned in the Ben Cao Tu Jing and other medical books in the Song,Ming and Qing Dynasties.In history,mugwort leaf originates from many species of plants,Jiuniucao may be one of it.So this paper is to identify the original plant of Jiuniucao and clarify the historical origin of Jiuniucao and mugwort leaf.The textual research and geographical origin analysis of Jiuniucao in ancient literature was conducted.Then field investigation and sampling of Jiuniucao in Qizhou was proceeded,combing with feature comparison of Jiuniucao and Artemisia specimen in the Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study concluded that A.stolonifera is the authentic Jiuniucao for medical use.Jiuniucao was also an important original plant of mugwort leaf and it is worth further development and utilization.

关 键 词：九牛草 艾 蕲艾 宽叶山蒿 奇蒿 本草考证 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]