大黄炭加热过程颜色特征与14种化学成分含量变化关系研究  

Study on relationship between color characteristics of rhubarb charcoal in heating process and contents of 14 chemical components

作　　者：杨丽[1] 温雅心 刘洋[1] 程亚茹 石秀佳 龚燚婷 董玲[1] 陈建波 YANG Li;WEN Ya-xin;LIU Yang;CHENG Ya-ru;SHI Xiu-jia;GONG Yi-ting;DONG Ling;CHEN Jian-bo(Beijing University of Chinese Medicuie,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京102488

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2020年第17期4230-4237,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-GS-10-B);宁夏重点研发计划重大科技项目(YS2018YFC170283)。

摘　　要：建立基于高效液相色谱(HPLC)大黄炭中14个成分同时定量的分析方法,分别对18批大黄原药材于不同温度和时间加热后,对其中14种共5类成分进行含量测定,包括没食子酸、5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)、5种游离蒽醌、5种结合蒽醌和2种番泻苷。采用样品颜色特征结合主成分分析(PCA)时发现18批样品可聚为5类,以传统性状"表面焦黑色,内部深棕色"为标准,A^D类样品炭化"不及",E类样品炭化"适中或稍过"。对应成分番泻苷和结合蒽醌呈单向递减模式,游离蒽醌、没食子酸和5-HMF含量呈先增后减模式。结果表明样品炭化"不及""适中"和"稍过"时样品中游离蒽醌和没食子酸含量均大于大黄原药材的含量,番泻苷和结合蒽醌都低于大黄原药材的含量。所研究样品成分含量的2种变化模式具有较好的稳健性,对更加全面地从化学表征的角度评控不同加热条件对大黄炭的颜色和含量以及其他炭药的含量变化模式具有参考价值。A method based on high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was developed for simultaneous content determination of 14 components in rhubarb charcoal.After 18 batches of raw rhubarb materials were heated at different temperatures and time points,the contents of 14 components(5 categories)were determined,including gallic acid,5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF),5 kinds of free anthraquinone,5 kinds of bound anthraquinone and 2 kinds of sennosides.In the analysis of sample color characteristics combined with principal component analysis(PCA),it was found that 18 batches of samples can be grouped into five categories,with the traditional traits"black charred on the surface,dark brown inside"as the standard.Samples of category A,B,C and D were"less"carbonized,and category E samples were carbonized"moderately or a little bit excessively".The corresponding components sennoside and combined anthraquinone showed a one-way decreasing pattern,and the contents of free anthraquinone,gallic acid and 5-HMF showed an increasing pattern before decreasing.The results showed that the contents of free anthraquinone and gallic acid in the samples were larger than those in raw materials while the contents of glycosides and combined anthraquinone were lower than those in raw materials when the samples were"less""moderately"or"a little bit excessively"carbonized.The two change modes of the component contents of the studied samples have good robustness,and have a reference value for more comprehensive evaluation and control of different heating conditions from the perspective of chemical characterization on the color and content of rhubarb charcoal and the change mode of the content of other carbon medicines.

关 键 词：大黄炭 炮制 变化模式 颜色 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]