引入螺旋槽制造误差的机械密封性能分析及优化  

Performance Analysis and Optimization of Mechanical Seal with Spiral Groove Manufacturing Error

作　　者：贾谦 王建磊[3] 崔展[3] 杨建晨 袁小阳 JIA Qian;WANG Jianlei;CUI Zhan;YANG Jianchen;YUAN Xiaoyang(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University City College,Xi’an 710018,China;Key Laboratoryof Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Machinery and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学城市学院机械工程系,西安710018 [2]西安交通大学现代设计及转子轴承系统教育部重点实验室,西安710049 [3]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2020年第11期46-55,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775412,11872289)。

摘　　要：在工程实际中液体火箭发动机涡轮泵的密封原件一般存在较大加工误差,直接影响机体的安全。基于涡轮泵高参数机械密封设计和制造的一体化考虑,分析了螺旋槽制造误差的来源,将误差分为槽底圆半径误差、槽深误差、螺旋角误差和槽台宽比误差4种。建立了含制造误差的涡轮泵螺旋槽机械密封性能分析模型,分析了制造误差对开启力、泄漏量、摩擦阻力矩和膜厚的影响,从设计参数和制造参数两方面指出了进行性能优化的方法。研究结果表明:引入槽深误差对密封性能影响最大,当转速达35000r/min并且误差在2μm时,开启力和泄漏量分别相对于标准值增大了24.47%和36.82%,摩擦力矩和膜厚分别增大了27.8%和37.4%。可通过设计参数和制造参数对密封性能进行优化,减少误差的影响。考虑制造误差的计算模型增加了机械密封性能计算的精准性,可为机械密封设计及制造参数优化提供参考。In engineering practice,the sealing components of liquid rocket engine turbo pump generally have large machining errors,which directly affect the safety of the engine block.Based on the integration of design and manufacturing of high parameter mechanical seal for turbo pumps,the sources of manufacturing error of spiral groove are analyzed.The errors are divided into four categories:radius error of groove bottom,error of groove depth,error of helix angle and error of groove width ratio.A performance analysis model of turbo pump spiral groove mechanical seal with manufacturing error is established.The influence of manufacturing errors on opening force,leakage quantity,friction resistance moment and film thickness are analyzed.The method of performance optimization is considered from two aspects of design parameters and manufacturing parameters.The results show that the groove depth error has the greatest influence on the sealing performance.When the rotating speed reaches 35000 r/min and the error is 2μm,the opening force and leakage volume increase by 24.47%and 36.82%,respectively,and the friction torque and film thickness increase by 27.8%and 37.4%,respectively.The sealing performance can be optimized by design parameters and manufacturing parameters to reduce the influence of error.The calculation model considering manufacturing error increases the accuracy of mechanical seal performance calculation,which can provide reference for mechanical seal design and manufacturing parameter optimization.

关 键 词：涡轮泵 机械密封 螺旋槽 加工误差 

分 类 号：TH136[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]