艾叶挥发油类成分及其药理作用的研究进展  

Advances in Research on Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Artemisia argyi Essential Oil

作　　者：郑昆[1] 钟肖飞 张华[2] ZHENG Kun;ZHONG Xiao-fei;ZHANG Hua(Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),Rizhao 276800,China;Shandong University of TCM,Ji'nan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]日照市中医医院,山东日照276800 [2]山东中医药大学药学院,济南250000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2020年第18期224-234,共11页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

摘　　要：艾(Artemisia argyi),多年生芳香草本植物,以其叶入药,味辛、苦;性温;有小毒;归肝、脾、肾经。作为中医常用中草药,艾叶在临床上主要用于温经止血、散寒止痛、祛湿止痒等病症。现代药理学研究表明艾叶抗菌、抗氧化、抗虫、抗炎、免疫调节等多种活性,多种活性取决于其化学成分复杂多样,主要包括挥发油、黄酮类、鞣质类和多糖等多种成分。其中挥发油类是从艾叶提取物中分离得到的主要活性部位,包括醚类、醇类、单萜类、倍半萜类及其衍生物等,其具有广谱抗菌性、抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、镇痛平喘、免疫调节等,具有广谱生物活性。通过查阅近年来国内外文献,对艾叶挥发油类(A.argyi essential oil,AAEO)化学成分进行梳理,汇总了不同提取方法制备AAEO的化学成分特点、含量,以及现阶段AAEO中被检测到的常见化学成分,并综述了AAEO的多种药理活性,重点突出其的抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗氧化等活性作用,发现AAEO对炎症、肿瘤、细菌性并发症等有良好的药物研发前景。为了更好地开发利用AAEO自然资源,笔者分析其研发过程中所现存的问题并提出有必要进一步深入系统地对其化学成分、药理作用、药效物质基础、作用机制进行探究,从而为AAEO的研究进展奠定坚实基础。Artemisia argyi is a perennial aromatic herb,which has used as a medicine for its leaves.It is spicy,bitter and warm,it has a small poison,it acts on the liver,spleen and kidney.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),it has the functions of warming the bleeding,relieving cold and pain,dispelling dampness and itching,and so on.Previous researches have shown that A.argyi is used for treatment of various diseases,including pneumonia,gastritis,and hepatitis.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it has a variety of antibacterial,antioxidant,insect-resistant,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulative and other activities,which depend on their complex chemical constituents,mainly including essential oil,flavonoids,tannins and polysaccharides.The A.argyi essential oil(AAEO)are the main active parts isolated from the extract of A.argyi,including ethers,alcohols,monoterpenes,sesquiterpenes,and other compounds,which have broad-spectrum antibacterial,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,analgesia,asthma relief and immune regulation,and have broad-spectrum biological activities.By studying the literatures at home and abroad in recent years,the chemical composition of AAEO was sorted out,and the chemical composition characteristics and contents of it prepared by different extraction methods were summarized,as well as the common chemical components detected in AAEO at the present stage.The author also reviewed a variety of pharmacological activities of AAEO,focusing on its anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,antibacterial,antioxidant and other activities,and found that it has a good drug development prospect for inflammation,tumor,bacterial diseases and so on.In order to better exploit and utilize AAEO natural resources,the author analyzes the existing problems in the research and development process of it and puts forward that it is necessary to further and systematically explore its chemical components,pharmacological effects,basis of medicinal substances and mechanism of action,so as to lay a foundation for the compreh

关 键 词：艾叶挥发油类 化学成分 药理作用 研究进展 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学] R289[医药卫生—中医学]