不同外源激素+微肥混合处理对骏枣开花坐果及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Mixed Treatment with Different Exogenous Hormones and Micro-fertilizer on Flowering and Fruit Quality of Jujube

作　　者：闫威姣 吴翠云 郭丽 俞文君 郝庆[2] YAN Wei-jiao;WU Cui-yun;GUO Li(College of Plant Science and Technology,Tarim University/The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in South Xinjiang,Alar,Xinjiang,843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院/南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第21期49-52,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：园艺产业创新人才培养示范基地建设项目(2019CB001);自治区林果业提质增效林业专项资金(HX20190618);国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2014BAC14B00)。

摘　　要：以清水为对照,于骏枣开花期实施5个以赤霉素(GA 3)和6-BA为基础、辅以微肥的叶面喷施处理,探究不同处理下开花坐果和果实品质的影响。结果显示,不同的外源激素+微肥混合处理对骏枣开花坐果和果实品质的影响差异显著。复合激素+微肥混合配比在促进坐果量、坐果率、枝头宿果数的提高方面显著优于单一型激素+微肥混合配比,尤其以T4处理(20 mg/L GA 3+50 mg/L 6-BA+2000 mg/L磷酸二氢钾)、T5处理(20 mg/LGA 3+50 mg/L 6-BA+2000 mg/L硫酸锌+2000 mg/L硼酸+2000 mg/L磷酸二氢钾)效果较好,外源激素+微肥混合配比在提高保果率方面效果不明显。在内在品质方面,不同的激素与微肥混合配比处理能提高果实维生素C含量和糖酸比并降低可滴定酸含量,T1处理(20 mg/L GA 3+2000 mg/L硫酸锌+2000 mg/L硼酸)、T4处理的维生素C含量显著高于对照,T3处理(20 mg/L GA 3+50 mg/L 6-BA+2000 mg/L硫酸锌+2000 mg/L硼酸)、T4处理的可溶性糖含量显著高于对照,T5处理的可溶性蛋白含量最高。在所有处理中,T5处理的开花坐果情况、单果重、果实纵、横径、溶性蛋白和糖酸比均表现理想,T1处理维生素C含量和糖酸比最高。Taking clear water as the control,five gibberellin(GA 3)and 6-BA were applied during the flowering stage of Jun jujube,supplemented by foliar spray treatment with micro-fertilizer to investigate the effects of flower setting and fruit quality under different treatments.Results showed that the effects of different exogenous hormone+micro-fertilizer mixed treatments on flowering and fruit setting and fruit quality of Jun jujube were significantly different.The compound hormone+micro-fertilizer mixed ratio treatment was significantly better than the single hormone+micro-fertilizer mixed ratio in terms of promoting fruit setting,fruit setting rate and number of branches and fruits,especially T4 and T5 treatments showed better effects,but the mixed ratio of exogenous hormone+micro-fertilizer was not effective in improving the fruit retention rate.In terms of internal quality,different hormone and micro-fertilizer mixed treatments could increase the vitamin C content and sugar-acid ratio of fruits,and reduce the titratable acid content.The vitamin C contents in T1 and T4 treatments were significantly higher than the control,and the soluble sugars of T3 and T4 treatments were significantly higher than that of control,and T5 treatment had the highest soluble protein content.Comprehensive analysis showed that among all the treatments,the flowering and fruit setting,single fruit weight,fruit length,horizontal diameter,soluble protein and sugar-acid ratio of T5 treatment were all relatively ideal,and the vitamin C content and sugar-acid ratio of T1 treatment were the highest.

关 键 词：骏枣 开花坐果 果实品质 外源激素 微肥 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]