黄瓜果实形态建成的遗传及分子基础研究进展  

A Review on Genetic and Molecular Biology of Fruit Morphogenesis in Cucumber

作　　者：刘兴旺 翟许玲 张亚琦 尹帅 冯钟萱 任华中 LIU Xingwang;ZHAI Xuling;ZHANG Yaqi;YIN Shuai;FENG Zhongxuan;REN Huazhong(College of Horticulture,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Engineering Research Center of Breeding and Propagation of Horticultural Crops,Ministry on Education,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学园艺学院,北京100193 [2]园艺作物新品种选育与良种繁育教育部工程研究中心,北京100193 [3]北京市设施蔬菜生长发育调控重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《园艺学报》2020年第9期1793-1809,共17页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD10008000);北京市高精尖建设学科中国农业大学—北京农学院共建园艺学科项目(CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000032);果类蔬菜产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC-01)。

摘　　要：近年来有关黄瓜果实基本特征(果形、果实大小和单果质量)、内部构成特征(果肉厚度、果肉颜色及心室形成)以及外部表皮特征(刺瘤、果霜、光泽性和果皮颜色)等果实形态建成相关性状的基因挖掘及分子调控机制研究取得了较大进展。本文中通过系统整理、总结了控制上述性状遗传基础,基因鉴定、挖掘及调控机制研究进展,并初步整理出关键性状形成的遗传网络模型,分析了现有研究中存在的问题并提出了建议,旨在为黄瓜乃至葫芦科其他作物果实发育的生物学基础研究提供借鉴和参考。Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)is an economically important vegetable crop that fruits are harvested while still immature before the seeds enlarge and harden among cucurbitaceae family.With the complete sequencing of cucumber genome and the rapidly advances of gene editing technologies,a great progress have been made in molecular mapping,and identification of genes responsible for genetic basis of fruit morphological traits.However,a systematic review of their genetic basis and molecular regulation is lacking.Here,we conducted an extensive literature review on fruit basic features(fruit size,shape and weight),internal composition of fruit(flesh thickness,flesh color and carpel development)and fruit peel features(fruit spine,wart,spine color,density,fruit bloom and glossiness).Based on current knowledge,several biological molecular regulator pathway models for fruit size,carpel development and fruit tuberculate formation in cucumber were proposed.At the end of the article,the authors also review the existing problems in the research and offer useful suggestions for the reader.This review will give a clue for unraveling the mechanism of the fruit development in another Cucurbitaceae crop and beyond.

关 键 词：黄瓜 果实发育 基因 农艺性状 分子机制 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q756[农业科学—园艺学]