我国老龄健康公平社会决定因素分析及对策  

Analysis and countermeasures on social determinants of health equity among elderly in China

作　　者：景丽伟 侯清华 刘志 孙书彦 黄石松 JING Li-wei;HOU Qing-hua;LIU Zhi;SUN Shu-yan;HUANG Shi-song(School of Nursing,Copital Medical University,Beijing 100054,China;National Academy of Development and Strategy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063000,China;National Health Development Center,Beijing 100044,China;School of Sociology and Population Study,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100054 [2]中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院,北京100872 [3]华北理工大学,河北唐山063000 [4]国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心,北京100044 [5]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2020年第9期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：河北省哲学社会学基金项目(HB18SH021);中国博士后科学基金第65批面上项目(2019M650932)。

摘　　要：我国人口健康水平不断提升的同时老龄健康公平差距客观存在,而影响健康公平的社会决定因素又处于动态变化之中。本文依据WHO健康社会决定因素理论框架对我国老龄健康公平社会决定因素进行分析,提出了除以往影响老龄健康公平的共识性社会决定因素外,还包括宏观层面的老龄健康政策、老龄人口流动、科技发展和死亡认知等,个体层面的退休后工作及社会参与等,日常生活环境层面卫生服务体系的老龄友善程度,如老年卫生资源配置公平性、老年人对相关服务的可获得性及利用公平以及重大公共卫生事件对老龄健康公平的冲击等;并针对性提出要进一步加强对老龄健康公平的认识与评估,多措并举、多种公平兼顾缩小老龄健康公平差距,助力实现健康老龄化。As the health-level of the Chinese population continues to improve,the gap in health equity among Chinese elderly has been increasing as an objective reality and may even keep increasing if uncontrolled,and social determinants that affect health equity are often changing dynamically.On the basis of clearly defining elderly health equity according to the WHO’s conceptual framework of Social Determinants of Health(SDH),this paper analyzed the social determinants of health equity among elderly in China.The results demonstrate that,based on the recognition of traditional social determinants of elderly health,current important determinants of health equity for the elderly include macro-level health policy for the elderly;migration of the elderly due to urbanization and death cognition;individual level post-retirement work and social participation;and the degree of age-friendliness daily living environments and health service systems such as the equity of the allocation of health resources for the elderly,the equity of the availability and utilization of related services by the elderly,and their importance to the community;and the ability of the elderly to respond to major public health events.For policy-making reference,it is necessary to further strengthen the understanding and evaluation of health equity of the elderly,to take multiple measures and multiple considerations to narrow the gap in the health equity of elderly,and to improve the degree of age-friendliness of daily living environments and health service systems in order to achieve the goal of all-round,full life cycle health equity among the elderly in China.

关 键 词：老龄健康公平 健康社会决定因素 对策 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]