阻断返贫的长效机制研究  

Research on Constructing a Long-Term Mechanism to Block Return to Poverty

作　　者：蒋和胜[1] 李小瑜[1] 田永[1,2] Jiang He-sheng;Li Xiao-yu;Tian Yong

机构地区：[1]四川大学经济学院,成都610065 [2]西南科技大学城市学院,成都610065

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2020年第6期24-34,231,232,共13页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA035);2020年度四川省社会科学重点规划项目(SC20A009)。

摘　　要：中国共产党带领全国人民经过70多年的艰难探索,充分发挥中国特色社会主义的制度优势,成功走出了一条具有中国特色的反贫道路。中国的减贫速度和减贫规模,古今中外,前所未有,但脱贫基础的脆弱性和返贫诱因的多维性,使得脱贫户、边缘户仍存在返贫致贫风险,阻断返贫成为我国贫困治理中亟须攻克的难题。构建阻断返贫的长效机制,重在动态识别绝对贫困和相对贫困,动态评估城乡返贫和多维贫困;贵在健全市场化的就业扶贫机制,倡导市场化的商业保险帮扶机制,探索市场化的村落聚居机制;难在使阻断返贫工作与国家短、中、长期发展战略联动,与乡村振兴战略联动,与各种区域发展战略联动。这些长效机制可以有效阻断返贫,巩固脱贫攻坚成果,确保实现高质量的可持续脱贫。After more than 70 years of difficult exploration,Chinese Communist Party has led the Chinese people to give full play to the system advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics and successfully embarked on a path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics.The speed and scale of poverty reduction in our country are unprecedented in ancient and modern times.However,the vulnerability of poverty alleviation and the multidimensional nature of the return to poverty make the poverty-stricken households and marginal households still have the risk of returning to poverty,and blocking the return of poverty has become an urgent problem in our country’s poverty governance.The most important thing to build a long-term mechanism to block the return to poverty is as followsthe need to dynamically identify absolute poverty and relative poverty,and the need to dynamically assess urban and rural poverty return and multidimensional poverty;the most valuable is the need to improve the market-oriented employment poverty alleviation mechanism and the need to promote democratization.The commercial insurance assistance mechanism in China needs to explore a market-oriented collective housing mechanism for farmers;the most difficult thing is to link the work of"blocking the return to poverty"with the country’s short,medium and long-term development strategies,with various regional strategies,and with rural revitalization.This will effectively"block the return to poverty",consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation,and ensure and realize high-quality sustainable poverty alleviation.

关 键 词：阻断返贫 脱贫攻坚 动态识别机制 市场化助推机制 战略联动机制 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]