犯罪所得没收中的被害人保护  

Victim Protection in Forfeiture of Criminal Proceeds

作　　者：屈舒阳[1] QU Shuyang(Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming Yunnan 650221,China)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学,云南昆明650221

出　　处：《河南警察学院学报》2020年第5期37-42,共6页Journal of Henan Police College

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“网络金融犯罪的综合治理”(17ZDA148)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在犯罪逐利化的发展趋向与"经济犯罪、经济解决"的立法趋势下,有关刑事没收制度所承担的剥夺与犯罪密切相关之利益的机能被很多国家和地区重新审视。犯罪所得没收中的被害人与传统意义上的"被害人"存在差异,其仅指因犯罪使得个人法益受害形成民法上请求权而得向犯罪所得之人取回财产性利益之人。被害人在普通刑事诉讼程序中的维权途径模糊不清。应当确立并强化犯罪所得没收中被害人的救济途径,使被害人的合法权利得到充分保障。犯罪所得适用善意取得制度,其体现了对正常交易秩序与交易安全的保护。被害人享有回复请求权,以保障其财产权。善意取得与回复请求权冲突的本质为个人利益与公共利益优先保障的位阶矛盾。除特殊情况外,应当优先保护善意第三人的信赖利益。Under the development trend of"crime pursuing profit"and the legislative trend of"solving economic crime through economic way",the function of deprivation of the benefits closely related to crime undertaken by the criminal forfeiture system has been reviewed in many countries and regions.Differing from the traditional sense,the victim in forfeiture of criminal proceeds only refers to the person who has right to recover property interests from the person obtaining criminal proceeds due to the criminal victimization of legal interest forming the right to claim in civil law.Due to the unclear ways to safeguard legal rights of the victim in ordinary criminal procedure,it is necessary to establish and strengthen the remedy channels for the victim in forfeiture of criminal proceeds so as to fully protect the legitimate rights of the victim.The system of obtaining criminal proceeds in good faith reflects the protection of normal transaction order and transaction security.The victim has the right of reply to claim to protect one’s property right.The essence of the conflict between the system and the right is the level contradiction between personal interest and the priority of public interest.Except special cases,the priority should be given to the reliance interests of the third party in good faith.

关 键 词：犯罪所得 善意取得 回复请求权 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]