应用15N标记尿素研究硝化抑制剂对设施番茄氮素去向的影响  

Effects of Nitrification Inhibitor on Nitrogen Fate of Labeled N-Urea in Tomato Cultivation Under Greenhouse Condition

作　　者：许纪元 闵炬[1] 施卫明[1] XU Jiyuan;MIN Ju;SHI Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210008;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《核农学报》2020年第12期2793-2799,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201001);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(18)1005)。

摘　　要：为明确硝化抑制剂2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶(简称CP)在设施蔬菜上的应用效果及其增效机制,本研究采用田间微区试验,应用15N稳定性同位素示踪技术研究了在推荐施氮量(180 kg·hm^-2)和习惯施氮量(300 kg·hm^-2)下,CP对设施番茄氮素去向的影响,并进行了其增效机制的初探。结果表明,在施氮量为180和300 kg·hm^-2条件下,施用CP可增加番茄产量17.3%和31.4%,肥料氮回收率分别增加8.6和9.2个百分点,氨挥发排放增加了2.47和3.65 kg·hm^-2,其他损失合计减少了15.5和27.6 kg·hm^-2。添加CP促进了氮素从茎和叶向果实的转移,且减少了氮素损失,提高了氮素利用率,这可能是其增效的机制之一。施用CP带来的经济效益显著高于其成本,在蔬菜生产上值得应用与推广。To determine the effects and synergistic mechanism of nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine(CP)on greenhouse vegetable productionfield experiments were carried out and the 15N stable isotope tracer technique was used to study the effects of CP on nitrogen fate and synergistic mechanism in tomato cultivation under the treatments of recommended(180 kg·hm^-2)and conventional(300 kg·hm^-2)nitrogen application rates.The results showed that the tomato yields were increased by 17.3%and 31.4%,the nitrogen recovery rates were increased by 8.6 and 9.2 percent;the ammonia volatilization emissions were increased by 2.47 kg·hm^-2 and 3.65 kg·hm^-2;other nitrogen losses were altogether reduced by 15.5 kg·hm^-2 and 27.6 kg·hm^-2 by in the treatments of the nitrogen rate of 180 and 300 kg·hm^-2 with CP applications.The use of CP promoted the transfer of nitrogen from stem and leaf to fruit,reduced nitrogen losses and increased nitrogen utilization efficiency,which may be one of the mechanisms of its synergistic effect.The economic benefit brought by CP is significantly higher than its cost,which is worthy of application and promotion in vegetable production.

关 键 词：同位素示踪 2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶 蔬菜 氮损失 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学] S641.2